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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )

Filed by the Registrant ☒

Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐

Check the appropriate box:

☐

Preliminary Proxy Statement

☐

Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

☒

Definitive Proxy Statement

☐

Definitive Additional Materials

☐

Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12

IDERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):

☒

No fee required

☐

Fee paid previously with preliminary materials

☐

Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11

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IDERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
505 Eagleview Blvd., Suite 212
Exton, PA 19341

NOTICE OF 2022 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
Thursday, June 23, 2022

	Date and Time:			Thursday, June 23, 2022 at 8:00 a.m., Eastern Time
	Format:			Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s (“Idera,” “our,” “we,” “us,” or the “Company”) 2022 annual meeting of stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) will be an in-person meeting held at the Company’s headquarters located at:
				505 Eagleview Boulevard, Suite 212 Exton, Pennsylvania 19341
	Items of Business:			• Elect two Class III directors to our board of directors for terms to expire at the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders; • Approve, by non-binding vote, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for 2021; • Ratify the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022; • Approve the amendment to the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the number of authorized shares; • Approve the amendment to the 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan to increase the number of authorized shares; and • Transact any other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any postponement, continuation or adjournment of the Annual Meeting. The board of directors has no knowledge of any other business to be transacted at the Annual Meeting.
	Record Date:			You may vote on the matters to be presented at the Annual Meeting if you were a stockholder of record as of the close of business on April 25, 2022 (the “Record Date”).
	Proxy Voting:			It is important that your shares be represented and voted at the Annual Meeting. Whether or not you plan attend the Annual Meeting, we urge you to vote as promptly as possible by telephone or Internet or by signing, dating, and returning a printed proxy card or voting instruction form, as applicable. If you attend the Annual Meeting, you may vote your shares at the Annual Meeting even if you previously voted by proxy and may revoke your proxy at any time before its exercise at the Annual Meeting. Please vote as soon as possible to ensure that your shares will be represented and counted at the Annual Meeting.

By order of the board of directors,
/s/ Bryant D. Lim

Bryant D. Lim
Senior Vice President, General Counsel
and Corporate Secretary
Exton, Pennsylvania
April 29, 2022

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON JUNE 23, 2022

Idera’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and 2021 Annual Report to Stockholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 are available at:
https://ir.iderapharma.com/shareholder-services/annual-meeting

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	Pages
PROXY STATEMENT		1
INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING		1
When are this proxy statement and the accompanying materials scheduled to be sent to stockholders?		1
Why did I receive a Notice of Internet Availability instead of a full set of proxy materials?		1
Who may vote?		1
How do I vote my shares if I am a stockholder of record?		2
How do I vote my shares if I hold them in “street name”?		2
How may I change or revoke my vote?		3
What constitutes a quorum?		3
What vote is required to approve each matter and how will votes be counted?		3
How does the board recommend that I vote?		4
Will any other business be conducted at the Annual Meeting?		4
Who is making and paying for the solicitation of proxies and how is it made?		4
How and when may I submit a proposal for the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders?		4
Are annual meeting materials householded?		5
PROPOSAL ONE ELECTION OF DIRECTORS		6
General Information		6
Information about our Directors		6
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION		11
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INFORMATION		14
Board of Directors		14
Board Leadership Structure		14
Board of Directors’ Role in Risk Oversight		14
Board Committees		14
Director Independence		17
Director Nomination Process		17
Stockholder Nominees		18
Communicating with our Board of Directors		18
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics		19
Hedging Policy		19
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS		20
Information about our Executive Officers		20
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT		21
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION		23
Compensation Discussion and Analysis		23
Severance and Change in Control Benefits and Agreements with NEOs		34
Indemnification Agreements		36
Formal Clawback Policy		36
Compensation Committee Report		37
Summary Compensation Table		38

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	Pages
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End		39
Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control		42
Termination of Employment Not in Connection with or Following a Change in Control		43
Termination of Employment in Connection with or Following a Change in Control		44
CEO Pay Ratio		45
Compensation Risk Management		46
PROPOSAL TWO APPROVAL, BY NON-BINDING VOTE, OF THE NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER 2021 COMPENSATION		47
PROPOSAL THREE RATIFICATION OF SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM		48
PROPOSAL FOUR APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO 2013 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN		49
PROPOSAL FIVE APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO 2017 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN		62
Overview		62
Summary of the Material Provisions of the 2017 ESPP, as amended		62
Summary of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences		65
New Plan Benefits		66
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans		67
ACCOUNTING MATTERS		68
Report of the Audit Committee		68
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees		68
Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures		69
TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS		70
Policies and Procedures for Related Person Transactions		70
APPENDIX A		71
APPENDIX B		72
APPENDIX C		84
APPENDIX D		85

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IDERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

505 Eagleview Blvd., Suite 212
Exton, PA 19341

PROXY STATEMENT
FOR THE 2022 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON THURSDAY, JUNE 23, 2022
AT 8:00 A.M. EASTERN TIME

Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation, which is referred to as “we,” “us,” the “Company,” or “Idera” in this proxy statement, has made these proxy materials available to you on the Internet, or upon your request, has delivered a printed or email copy of the proxy materials to you, because our board of directors (our “board” or the “board”) is soliciting your proxy to vote at our Annual Meeting of stockholders, or the Annual Meeting. The Annual Meeting will be held on Thursday, June 23, 2022, at 8:00 a.m., Eastern Time, the Company’s headquarters located at 505 Eagleview Boulevard, Suite 212, Exton, Pennsylvania 19341, or at such other time and place to which the meeting may be adjourned, continued, or postponed. If the Annual Meeting is adjourned for any reason, then proxies submitted may be used at any adjournment of the Annual Meeting.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING

When are this proxy statement and the accompanying materials scheduled to be sent to stockholders?

We have elected to provide access to our proxy materials for the Annual Meeting to our stockholders via the Internet. Accordingly, on or about May 2, 2022, we will begin mailing a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, or Notice of Internet Availability, and all other proxy materials, including the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, this proxy statement, and accompanying proxy card. For shares held in street name (held for your account by a broker or other nominee), a voting instruction form and the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, or the 2021 Annual Report, will be made available to stockholders on the Internet on the same date.

Why did I receive a Notice of Internet Availability instead of a full set of proxy materials?

Pursuant to rules adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, we are providing access to our proxy materials over the Internet rather than printing and mailing the proxy materials. We believe electronic delivery will expedite the receipt of materials and will help lower our costs and reduce the environmental impact of our Annual Meeting materials. Therefore, a Notice of Internet Availability will be mailed to holders of record and beneficial owners of our common stock starting on or around May 2, 2022. The Notice of Internet Availability will provide instructions as to how stockholders may access and review the proxy materials, including the Notice of Annual Meeting, proxy statement, proxy card, and 2021 Annual Report, on the website referred to in the Notice of Internet Availability or, alternatively, how to request that a copy of the proxy materials, including a proxy card, be sent to them by mail. The Notice of Internet Availability also will provide voting instructions. In addition, stockholders of record may request to receive the proxy materials in printed form by mail or electronically by email on an ongoing basis for future stockholder meetings. Please note that while our proxy materials are available at the website referenced in the Notice of Internet Availability, and our Notice of Annual Meeting, proxy statement, and 2021 Annual Report are available on our website, no other information contained on either website is incorporated by reference in, or considered to be a part of, this document.

Who may vote?

Holders of record of our common stock as of the close of business on the Record Date of April 25, 2022 are entitled to vote on each matter properly brought before the Annual Meeting. Holders of our common stock will be entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held as of the record date. As of the close of business on the Record Date, we had 52,966,025 shares of common stock outstanding.

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How do I vote my shares if I am a stockholder of record?

If you are a stockholder of record (meaning that you hold shares in your name in the records of our transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., and that your shares are not held in “street name” by a bank or brokerage firm), you may vote your shares in any one of the following ways:

•

By internet. To vote over the internet through services provided by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., please go to the following website: http://www.investorvote.com/IDRA and follow the instructions at that site for submitting your proxy. If you vote over the internet, you do not need to complete and mail your proxy card.

•

By telephone. To vote by telephone through services provided by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., call 1-800-652-VOTE (8683), and follow the instructions provided on the proxy card that accompanies this proxy statement. If you vote by telephone, you do not need to complete and mail your proxy card.

•

By mail. If you requested printed proxy materials, you need to complete, date and sign the proxy card that accompanies this proxy statement and promptly mail it in the enclosed postage-prepaid envelope. You do not need to put a stamp on the enclosed envelope if you mail it from within the United States. If you are mailed or otherwise receive or obtain a proxy card, and you choose to vote by telephone or by Internet, you do not have to return your proxy card.

•

At the Annual Meeting. If you attend the Annual Meeting, you may vote at the Annual Meeting.

Your proxy will only be valid if you complete and return the proxy card, vote by telephone, vote over the internet before the Annual Meeting or vote at the Annual Meeting. The persons named in the proxy card will vote the shares you own in accordance with your instructions on your proxy card, in your vote by telephone, or in your vote over the internet. If you return the proxy card, vote by telephone, or vote over the internet, but do not give any instructions on a particular matter described in this proxy statement, the persons named in the proxy card will vote the shares you own in accordance with the recommendations of our board.

How do I vote my shares if I hold them in “street name”?

If the shares you own are held in “street name” by a bank or brokerage firm, your bank or brokerage firm, as the record holder of your shares, is required to vote your shares according to your instructions. In order to vote your shares, you will need to follow the directions that your bank or brokerage firm provides to you. Many banks and brokerage firms solicit voting instructions over the internet or by telephone. Even if your shares are held in street name, you are welcome to attend the Annual Meeting. If your shares are held in street name, you may not vote your shares at the Annual Meeting unless you obtain a “legal proxy,” executed in your favor, from the holder of record (i.e., your bank or brokerage firm). If you hold your shares in street name and wish to vote at the Annual Meeting, please contact your bank or brokerage firm before the Annual Meeting to obtain the necessary proxy from the holder of record. You must then submit the legal proxy to the Company by 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on June 22, 2022. Legal proxies may be submitted: by mail to Corporate Secretary, Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 505 Eagleview Boulevard, Suite 212, Exton, Pennsylvania 19341; or by email to legal@iderapharma.com.

If the beneficial owner does not provide voting instructions, banks and brokerage firms cannot vote the shares with respect to “non-routine” matters, but can vote the shares with respect to “routine” matters. “Broker non-votes” occur when a beneficial owner of shares held in street name fails to provide instructions to the bank or brokerage firm holding the shares as to how to vote on matters deemed “non-routine.” We believe Proposal Three (the ratification of the selection of our independent registered public accounting firm) is a “routine” matter and, as a result, we do not expect there to be any broker non-votes. Proposal One (the election of directors), Proposal Two (the approval of, by non-binding vote, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for 2021) Proposal Four (the approval of an amendment to our 2013 Stock Incentive Plan) and Proposal Five (approval of an amendment to our 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan) are “non-routine” matters, and banks and brokerage firms cannot vote your shares on such proposals if you have not given voting instructions.

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As long as one of the matters is deemed to be a “routine” matter, proxies reflecting broker non-votes (if any) will be counted towards the quorum requirement.

How may I change or revoke my vote?

If you are a stockholder of record, even if you complete and return a proxy card or vote by telephone or over the internet, you may change or revoke your vote at any time before your proxy is exercised by taking one of the following actions:

•

send written notice to our Secretary, Bryant Lim, at our address above, stating that you wish to revoke your vote;

•

deliver to us another signed proxy card with a later date or vote by telephone or over the internet at a later date; or

•

attending the Annual Meeting and voting at the Annual Meeting.

If you own shares in street name, your bank or brokerage firm should provide you with instructions for changing or revoking your vote.

What constitutes a quorum?

In order for business to be conducted at the Annual Meeting, a quorum must be present. A quorum consists of the holders of a majority of the shares of our common stock issued, outstanding and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.

Shares of common stock present or represented by proxy (including broker non-votes and shares that are abstained or withheld or with respect to which no voting instructions are provided for one or more of the matters to be voted upon) will be counted for the purpose of determining whether a quorum exists.

If a quorum is not present, the Annual Meeting will be adjourned until a quorum is obtained.

What vote is required to approve each matter and how will votes be counted?

The table below sets forth the vote required for each matter being submitted to our stockholders at the Annual Meeting to be approved and the effect that abstentions, withheld votes, and broker non-votes:

Proposal	Affirmative Vote Required	Abstentious/ Withholds	Broker Non-Votes
Election of Directors (Proposal One)	Plurality of votes cast by holders of common stock entitled to vote	No effect(1)	No effect
Advisory Vote on Named Executive Officer 2021 Compensation (Proposal Two)	Majority of common stock present or represented and voting on the matter	No effect	Not applicable
Ratification of Selection of Ernst & Young LLP (Proposal Three)	Majority of common stock present or represented and voting on the matter	No effect	No effect
Approval of Amendment to 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Proposal Four)	Majority of common stock present or represented and voting on the matter	No effect	No effect
Approval of Amendment to 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Proposal Five)	Majority of common stock present or represented and voting on the matter	No effect	No effect

(1)

You may vote FOR all of the director nominees, WITHHOLD your vote from all of the director nominees or WITHHOLD your vote from any of the director nominees.

Each share of common stock will be counted as one vote.

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How does the board recommend that I vote?

Our board recommends that you vote as follows:

•

FOR each of the Class III director nominees (Proposal One); and

•

FOR Proposal Two, Proposal Three, Proposal Four and Proposal Five.

Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and related SEC regulations, the vote on executive compensation, as described in greater detail in Proposal Two, set forth elsewhere in this proxy statement, is an advisory vote, meaning it is non-binding. The vote on the ratification of the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm, as described in greater detail in Proposal Three, is also an advisory vote. Our board will carefully consider the outcome of each of these votes, but will not be obligated to take any action as a result of such outcomes.

Will any other business be conducted at the Annual Meeting?

Our board does not know of any other business to be conducted or matters to be voted upon at the Annual Meeting. If any other matter properly comes before the Annual Meeting, the persons named in the proxy card that accompanies this proxy statement will exercise their judgment in deciding how to vote or otherwise act with respect to that matter at the Annual Meeting.

Who is making and paying for the solicitation of proxies and how is it made?

We are making the solicitation and will bear the costs of soliciting proxies. In addition to solicitations by mail, our directors, officers, and employees, without additional remuneration, may solicit proxies by telephone, text message, facsimile, email, personal interviews, and other means. We have engaged MacKenzie Partners, Inc. to serve as our proxy solicitor to distribute our proxy materials and solicit proxies, and the estimated fee for these services is $12,500 plus reimbursement for reasonable disbursements. We have requested that brokerage houses, custodians, nominees, and fiduciaries forward copies of the proxy materials to the persons for whom they hold shares and request instructions for voting the proxies. We will reimburse the brokerage houses and other persons for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this distribution.

How and when may I submit a proposal for the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders?

If you are interested in submitting a proposal for inclusion in the proxy statement and proxy card for our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, or the 2023 annual meeting, you need to follow the procedures outlined in Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act. We must receive your proposal intended for inclusion in the proxy statement at our principal executive offices, 505 Eagleview Blvd., Suite 212, Exton, Pennsylvania 19341, Attention: Secretary, no later than January 2, 2022. SEC rules set standards for the types of stockholder proposals and the information that must be provided by the stockholder making the request.

If you wish to present a proposal at the 2023 annual meeting, but do not wish to have the proposal considered for inclusion in the proxy statement and proxy card or have not complied with the requirements for inclusion of such proposal in our proxy statement under SEC rules, you must also give written notice to us at the address noted above. Our bylaws specify the information that must be included in any such notice, including a brief description of the business to be brought before the annual meeting, the name of the stockholder proposing such business, and stock ownership information for such stockholder. In accordance with our bylaws, we must receive this notice (or the stockholder director nomination, see “Stockholder Nominees”) at least 60 days, but not more than 90 days, prior to the date of the 2023 annual meeting and the notice must include specified information regarding the proposal and the stockholder making the proposal.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if we provide less than 70 days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting to the stockholders, notice by the stockholders must be received by our Secretary no later than the close of business on the tenth day following the date on which the notice of the annual meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made, whichever occurs first. If a stockholder who wished to present a proposal fails to notify us by this date, the proxies that management solicits for that meeting will have discretionary authority to vote on the stockholder’s proposal if it is otherwise properly brought

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before that meeting. If a stockholder makes timely notification, the proxies may still exercise discretionary authority to vote on stockholder proposals under circumstances consistent with the SEC’s rules.

Are annual meeting materials householded?

Some banks and brokerage firms may be participating in the practice of “householding” proxy statements and annual reports. This means that the banks and brokerage firms send only one copy of this proxy statement and the accompanying 2021 Annual Report to multiple stockholders in the same household. Upon request, we will promptly deliver separate copies of this proxy statement and our annual report to stockholders. To make such a request, please call Investor Relations at (877) 888-6550, write to Investor Relations, 505 Eagleview Blvd., Suite 212, Exton, Pennsylvania 19341 or email Investor Relations at ir@iderapharma.com. To receive separate copies of our annual report to stockholders and proxy statement in the future, or to receive only one copy for the household in the future, please contact us or your bank or brokerage firm.

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PROPOSAL ONE

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

General Information

Our board is divided into three classes and currently consists of three Class I directors: Vincent J. Milano, Cristina Csimma, PharmD, MHP, and Michael R. Dougherty; two Class II directors: James A. Geraghty and Maxine Gowen, Ph.D.; and two Class III directors: Mark Goldberg, M.D. and Carol A. Schafer. Each member of a class is elected for a three-year term, with the terms staggered so that approximately one-third of our directors stand for election at each annual meeting of stockholders. The Class I, Class II, and Class III directors were elected to serve until the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2023, 2024 and 2022, respectively, and until their respective successors are elected and qualified.

Our board, on the recommendation of the members of our nominating and corporate governance committee, has nominated Dr. Goldberg and Ms. Schafer for election as Class III directors at the Annual Meeting. At the Annual Meeting, stockholders will be asked to consider the election of Dr. Goldberg and Ms. Schafer.

The persons named in the enclosed proxy card will vote to elect Dr. Goldberg and Ms. Schafer to our board unless you indicate that you withhold authority to vote for the election of one or all director nominees. You may not vote for more than two director nominees. Each Class III director will be elected to hold office until our 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation, death, or removal. Each of the director nominees is presently a director and each has indicated a willingness to serve as a director, if elected. If a director nominee becomes unable or unwilling to serve, however, the persons acting under the proxy may vote for substitute director nominees selected by the board.

Information about our Directors

Set forth below is information about each member of our board, including (a) the year in which each director first joined the board, (b) their age as of the Annual Meeting, (c) their positions and offices with our Company (if any), (d) their principal occupations and business experience during at least the past five years, and (e) the names of other public companies for which they currently serve, or have served within the past five years, as a director. We have also included information about each director’s specific experience, qualifications, attributes, or skills that led our board to conclude that such individual is qualified to serve as a director on our board. We also believe that all of our directors have a reputation for integrity, honesty, and adherence to high ethical standards. They each have demonstrated business acumen and an ability to exercise sound judgment, as well as a commitment of service to our Company and our board.

Recommendation of the Board of Directors

Our board unanimously recommends that the stockholders vote FOR the election of
Dr. Goldberg and Ms. Schafer as Class III directors.

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Class I Directors—Terms to Expire in 2023

Cristina Csimma, PharmD, MHP
Director since 2019

Dr. Csimma, age 63, is a biopharmaceutical leader and strategic advisor with decades of experience in biotechnology, large pharma and venture capital. Dr. Csimma currently serves on the board of directors of Syncona Partners, LLP (LON:SYNC), having been elected to its board of directors in 2022. She also serves as a board director and a member of the compensation committee of Palisade Bio, Inc. (Nasdaq: PALI), having been elected to its board of directors in 2021. She also serves as the chair of the board of directors of Caraway Therapeutics, Inc. since 2019 (executive chair in 2019). Dr. Csimma also serves on advisory boards, including the Muscular Dystrophy Association Venture Philanthropy Scientific Advisory Committee since 2006; the Harvard and Brigham and Women’s Hospital MRCT Center External Advisory Board since 2015; the TREAT-NMD Advisory Committee for Therapeutics (TACT) since 2009; and the Executive Oversight Board to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) NeuroNext Network since 2013.

Dr. Csimma previously served as chair of the board of directors of Forendo Pharma between May 2020 and December 2021 (executive chair in 2021) when it was acquired by Organon & Co. Dr. Csimma also previously served as a director on the boards of Seneca Biopharma, Inc. (Nasdaq: SNCA; formerly Neuralstem Inc., from 2017 until 2021 when it merged with Leading BioSciences Inc. to form Palisade Bio.), Juniper Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (from 2010 until its acquisition by Catalent, Inc. in 2018), Vtesse Inc. (from 2014 until its acquisition by Sucampo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 2017). Dr. Csimma was the executive chair and a senior advisor of Exonics Therapeutics, Inc. (from 2016 to 2017), and was President, founding CEO, and board director of Cydan Inc. from 2012 to 2014. She also served on the board of directors of T1D Exchange (non-profit Type 1 Diabetes) from 2018 to 2020 and the NIH Blueprint Neurotherapeutics Network External Oversight Committee from 2014 to 2018, was Vice President of Drug Development at Virdante Pharmaceuticals Inc. from 2009 to 2011, Principal at Clarus Ventures LLC (now Blackstone Life Science), and held roles of increasing responsibility in Clinical Development and Translational Research at Wyeth (now Pfizer Inc.), Genetics Institute, and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. Dr. Csimma holds both a Doctor of Pharmacy and a Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy from the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, as well as a Master of Health Professions from Northeastern University.

We believe that Dr. Csimma’s qualifications to sit on our board include her significant public company management and board experience and knowledge of our industry.

Michael R. Dougherty
Director since 2019

Mr. Dougherty, age 64, currently serves as chair of our board of directors. Mr. Dougherty currently serves on the board of directors of Trevena, Inc. (Nasdaq: TRVN) and Marinus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: MRNS). Mr. Dougherty was executive chairman of Celator Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Celator, from 2015 until its acquisition by Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc in 2016; he also served as a director of Celator from 2013 to 2016. Mr. Dougherty previously served in a variety of senior positions in the biopharmaceutical industry, including as CEO, President, Chief Operating Officer, and Chief Financial Officer. He also previously served as a member of the board of directors of Foundation Medicine, Inc., Adolor Corporation, Genaera Corporation, Aviragen Therapeutics, Inc., Cempra, Inc., and ViroPharma Incorporated. Mr. Dougherty received a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from Villanova University.

We believe that Mr. Dougherty’s qualifications to sit on our board include his significant public company management and board experience and knowledge of our industry.

Vincent J. Milano
Director since 2014

Vincent Milano, age 58, has been our President and CEO, and a member of our board of directors, since 2014. Prior to joining us, Mr. Milano served as Chairman, President, and CEO of ViroPharma Incorporated, or ViroPharma, a pharmaceutical company that was acquired by Shire plc in 2014, from 2008 to 2014, as its Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer from 2006 to 2008, and

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as its Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer from 1996 to 2005. Mr. Milano also served on the board of directors of ViroPharma from 2008 to 2014. Prior to joining ViroPharma, Mr. Milano served in increasingly senior roles, most recently senior manager, at KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, from 1985 to 1996.

Mr. Milano currently serves on the board of directors of Aclaris Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: ACRS) and BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: BCRX), each a publicly traded company, since 2020 and 2021, respectively, and privately held VenatoRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., since 2013. Mr. Milano previously served as a director of Spark Therapeutics, Inc. and Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc. from 2014 to 2019 and 2010 to 2019, respectively. Mr. Milano holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from Rider College.

We believe Mr. Milano’s qualifications to sit on our board include his knowledge of our Company as our President and CEO, knowledge of our industry, including over 20 years of experience serving in a variety of roles of increasing responsibility in the finance department, corporate administration, and operations of a multinational biopharmaceutical company, and understanding of pharmaceutical research and development, sales and marketing, strategy, and operations in both the United States and overseas. He also has corporate governance experience through service on other public company boards.

Class II Directors—Terms to Expire in 2024

James A. Geraghty
Director since 2013

Mr. Geraghty, age 67, has served on our board since 2013 and as chair of our board from that time until April 2021. Mr. Geraghty is an industry leader with over 35 years of strategic and leadership experience, including more than 25 years as a senior member of executive teams at biotechnology companies developing and commercializing innovative therapies. From 2013 to 2016, Mr. Geraghty was an Entrepreneur in Residence at Third Rock Ventures, a leading biotech venture fund. From 2011 to 2012, he served as a Senior Vice President of Sanofi S.A., a global healthcare company. Prior to that, he served in various senior management roles at Genzyme Corporation, or Genzyme, a biotechnology company, from 1992 to 2011, including as Senior Vice President, International Development and President of Genzyme Europe. Mr. Geraghty currently serves as chairman of the board of Orchard Therapeutics plc and Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and as a member of the board of Voyager Therapeutics, Inc., and Fulcrum Therapeutics, Inc. He also previously served as a director of bluebird bio, Inc. and GTC Biotherapeutics, Inc.

We believe that Mr. Geraghty’s qualifications to sit on our board include his public company board and management experience and his broad and deep knowledge of our industry.

Maxine Gowen, Ph.D.
Director since 2016

Dr. Gowen, age 63, served as the CEO and a board director of TamuroBio Inc., a privately held drug development company, from 2019 to 2021, and she remains on the board of directors. She was the founding President and CEO of Trevena, Inc., or Trevena, (Nasdaq: TRVN), a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company, from 2007 until her retirement in 2018; she remained a member of its board of directors until 2021. Prior to joining Trevena, Dr. Gowen was Senior Vice President for the Center of Excellence for External Drug Discovery at GlaxoSmithKline plc, or GSK, where she held a variety of leadership positions during her tenure of 15 years. Before GSK, Dr. Gowen was Senior Lecturer and Head, Bone Cell Biology Group, Department of Bone and Joint Medicine, of the University of Bath, U.K. Dr. Gowen has served as a director of Aclaris Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: ACRS) since 2019, Passage Bio, Inc. (Nasdaq: PASG), and as its Chairwoman, since 2021, and Merus NV (Nasdaq: MRUS) since 2021, each a publicly traded company. She previously held a board seat in the state biotechnology industry association, Life Sciences of Pennsylvania from 2015 until 2021 and in the national biotechnology industry association, BIO, from 2008 until 2018. Dr. Gowen previously served as a director of Human Genome Sciences, Inc., from 2008 until 2012, and Akebia Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: AKBA) from 2014 until 2021, both publicly traded companies, as well as Panorama Medicine, from 2020 until 2021 a privately held biotechnology company. She received her Ph.D.

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from the University of Sheffield, U.K., a M.B.A. with academic honors from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and a B.Sc. with Honors in Biochemistry from the University of Bristol, U.K.

We believe that Dr. Gowen’s qualifications to sit on our board include her significant public company management and board experience and knowledge of our industry.

Class III Directors—Terms to Expire in 2022

Mark Goldberg, M.D.
Director since 2014

Dr. Goldberg, age 67, has served as a member of the board of directors of ImmunoGen, Inc. (Nasdaq: IMGN) since 2011, a member of the board of directors of GlycoMimetics, Inc. (Nasdaq: GLYC) since 2014, a member of the board of directors of Blueprint Medicines Corporation (Nasdaq: BPMC) since 2015, and a member of the board of directors of Avacta Group plc (LON: AVCT) since 2021. In addition, he is a member of the board of directors of the American Cancer Society, a non-profit organization. Dr. Goldberg previously served on the board of directors of Audentes Therapeutics, Inc. from 2017 until 2020 and aTyr Pharma Inc. from 2015 until 2017.

Dr. Goldberg served as advisor and medical and regulatory strategist for Synageva BioPharma Corp., a biopharmaceutical company, from 2014 until 2015. Prior to that, he served as the Executive Vice President for Medical and Regulatory Strategy from January 2014 to October 2014 and as the Senior Vice President of Medical and Regulatory Affairs from 2011 to 2014. Dr. Goldberg served in a variety of senior management positions at Genzyme Corporation from 1996 to July 2011, including most recently as Senior Vice President for Clinical Development and Therapeutic Group Head for Oncology and Personalized Genetic Health from 2009 to 2011. Prior to working at Genzyme Corporation, he was a full-time staff physician at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. He was an Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School from 1996 until 2021 and is currently a Lecturer and part-time faculty at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Goldberg is a board certified medical oncologist and hematologist and has more than 50 published papers.

Dr. Goldberg holds an A.B. from Harvard College and an M.D. from Harvard Medical School. We believe that Dr. Goldberg’s qualifications to sit on our board include his extensive scientific and medical background, public company board experience, and extensive experience in the management and operations of pharmaceutical companies.

Carol A. Schafer
Director since December 2018

Ms. Schafer, age 57, has served on the board of directors of Repare Therapeutics, Inc., or Repare, (Nasdaq: RPTX) since 2019, Insmed Incorporated, or Insmed, (Nasdaq: INSM) since 2020 and Kura Oncology Inc., or Kura, (Nasdaq: KURA) since 2021, each a publicly traded company. Ms. Schafer serves on the audit committee and nominating and corporate governance committee at Insmed. Ms. Schafer serves on the audit committee and is the chair of the nominating and corporate governance committee at Repare. Ms. Schafer is the chair of the audit committee at Kura. Additionally, Ms. Schafer has served as a non-fiduciary board member of OneGoal NY, a non-profit entity, since 2019.

Ms. Schafer previously served on the board, as a member of the compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee, of Five Prime Therapeutics, Inc., or Five Prime, (Nasdaq: FPRX) from 2019 until 2021 when it was acquired by Amgen Inc.

Ms. Schafer has more than 25 years of experience in investment banking and equity capital markets, as well as in corporate finance and business development in the biopharmaceutical sector, with substantial experience financing and facilitating investor access for public and private healthcare companies. Ms. Schafer most recently served as Vice Chair, Equity Capital Markets at Wells Fargo Securities LLC. Prior to Wells Fargo, Ms. Schafer served as Vice President of Finance and Business Development at Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Earlier in her career, Ms. Schafer served as an Equity Capital Markets Sector Head in

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her role as Managing Director at J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. Ms. Schafer received a B.A. from Boston College and an M.B.A. from New York University.

We believe that Ms. Schafer’s qualifications to sit on our board include her extensive financial background and her many years of experience providing investment banking, equity capital markets, and strategic support to companies within the healthcare sector.

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DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

We use a combination of cash and equity-based compensation to attract and retain candidates to serve on our board. We do not compensate directors who are also our employees of the Company for their service on our board. As a result, Mr. Milano does not receive any compensation for his service as a director.

We generally review our director compensation program every two years with the advice of an independent compensation consultant. As a result of the review of the director compensation program, in June 2021, we approved increasing the annual equity grant to 26,000 options. With the exception of the foregoing equity compensation increase, no other changes were made to our director compensation program.

Under our director compensation program, we pay our non-employee directors retainers in cash. Each director receives a cash retainer for service on the board and for service on each committee on which the director is a member. The chairperson of each committee receives higher retainers for such service. These fees are paid quarterly in arrears. The fees paid to non-employee directors for service on the board and for service on each committee of the board on which the director was a member during 2021 were as follows:

	Member Annual Fee			Chairperson Annual Fee
Board of Directors		$	40,000		$	70,000
Audit Committee		$	7,500		$	15,000
Compensation Committee		$	6,250		$	12,500
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee		$	4,000		$	8,000
Scientific Advisory Committee		$	4,000		$	8,000

Our director compensation program includes a stock-for-fees policy, under which directors have the right to elect to receive common stock in lieu of cash fees. These shares of common stock are issued under our 2013 Stock Incentive Plan. The number of shares issued to participating directors is determined on a quarterly basis by dividing the cash fees to be paid through the issuance of common stock by the fair market value of our common stock, which is the closing price of our common stock, on the first business day of the quarter following the quarter in which the fees are earned. In 2021, several of our directors elected to receive shares of our common stock in lieu of cash fees as set forth in the footnotes to the Director Compensation table below.

Under our director compensation program, we also reimburse our directors for reasonable travel and other related expenses for attendance at meetings. Additionally, upon their initial election to the board, new non-employee directors receive an initial option grant to purchase 23,000 shares of our common stock, and all non-employee directors receive an annual option grant to purchase 26,000 shares of our common stock. The annual grants are made on the date of our annual meeting of stockholders and fully vest one year from that date of grant. The initial options granted to our non-employee directors vest with respect to one-third of the underlying shares on the first anniversary of the date of grant and the balance of the underlying shares vest in eight equal quarterly installments following the first anniversary of the date of grant, subject to continued service as a director, and are granted under our 2013 Stock Incentive Plan. These options are granted with exercise prices equal to the fair market value of our common stock, which is the closing price of our common stock, on the date of grant and will become immediately exercisable in full if there is a change in control of our Company.

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Under our retirement policy for non-employee members of the board, if a non-employee director is deemed to retire, then:

•

all outstanding options held by such director will automatically accelerate and vest in full; and

•

the period during which such director may exercise the options will be extended to the expiration of the option under the plan.

Under the policy, a non-employee director will be deemed to have retired if:

•

the director resigns from the board or determines not to stand for re-election or is not nominated for re-election at a meeting of our stockholders and has served as a director for more than 10 years; or

•

the director does not stand for re-election or is not nominated for re-election due to the fact that he or she is or will be older than 75 at the end of such director’s term.

The following table sets forth a summary of the compensation we paid to our non-employee directors who served on our board in 2021.

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DIRECTOR COMPENSATION FOR 2021

	Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($)		Option Awards ($)(1)		Total ($)
Cristina Csimma		50,250		24,658		74,908
Michael Dougherty		78,027(2)		24,658		102,685
James A. Geraghty		57,726(3)		24,658		82,384
Mark Goldberg		55,500(4)		24,658		80,158
Maxine Gowen		56,500		24,658		81,158
Carol A. Schafer		59,004(5)		24,658		83,662

(1)

These amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of option awards made to each listed director in 2021 as computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, “Stock Compensation,” or ASC 718. These amounts do not represent the actual amounts paid to or realized by the directors during 2021. See Note 11 to the financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 regarding assumptions we made in determining the fair value of option awards. As of December 31, 2021, our non-employee directors held options to purchase shares of our common stock as follows: Dr. Csimma: 72,000; Mr. Dougherty: 72,000; Mr. Geraghty: 151,686; Dr. Goldberg: 83,375; Dr. Gowen: 74,625; and Ms. Schafer: 72,000.

(2)

Consists of cash meeting fees of $58,314 in lieu of which Mr. Dougherty elected to receive 69,230 shares of our common stock.

(3)

Consists of cash meeting fees of $19,500 in lieu of which Mr. Geraghty elected to receive 14,773 shares of our common stock.

(4)

Consists of cash meeting fees of $13,875 in lieu of which Mr. Goldberg elected to receive 10,511 shares of our common stock.

(5)

Includes cash meeting fees of $14,754 in lieu of which Ms. Schafer elected to receive 11,177 shares of our common stock.

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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INFORMATION

Board of Directors

Our board is responsible for establishing our broad corporate policies and overseeing the management of our Company. Our chief executive officer and our other executive officers are responsible for our day-to-day operations. Our board evaluates our corporate performance and approves, among other things, our corporate strategies and objectives, operating plans, major commitments of corporate resources and significant policies. Our board also evaluates and appoints our executive officers.

Our board met eight times during 2021. Each director attended at least 75% of the total number of board meetings and committee meetings for the committees on which he or she served during 2021.

While we do not have a formal policy regarding director attendance, we strongly encourage and expect our directors to attend our annual meetings of stockholders. All of our directors virtually attended the 2021 annual meeting of stockholders.

Board Leadership Structure

Our board does not have a policy on whether the offices of chairperson of the board and chief executive officer should be separate and, if they are to be separate, whether the chairperson should be selected from among the independent directors or should be an employee of our Company. Our board believes that it should have the flexibility to make these determinations at any given point in time in the way that it believes best to provide appropriate leadership for our Company. Currently, Mr. Milano serves as our chief executive officer. Mr. Geraghty, an independent director, served as chair of our board from 2013 until April 28, 2021, at which time Mr. Dougherty, also an independent director, succeeded him as chair. Our board believes that this separation allows our chief executive officer to focus on our day-to-day business, while allowing the chairperson to lead the board in its fundamental role of providing advice to and independent oversight of management.

Our board recognizes that no single leadership model is right for all companies and at all times and that depending on the circumstances, other leadership models, such as a combined chairperson and chief executive officer, might be appropriate. Accordingly, the board periodically reviews its leadership structure. Pursuant to our corporate governance guidelines, if the chairperson is not an independent director, the board may elect a lead director from its independent directors. In such case, the chairperson and chief executive officer would consult periodically with the lead director on board matters and on issues facing our Company. In addition, the lead director would serve as the principal liaison between the chairperson of the board and the independent directors and would preside at any executive session of independent directors.

Board of Directors’ Role in Risk Oversight

Our board, as a whole, has responsibility for risk oversight, with reviews of certain areas being conducted by relevant committees that report directly to the board. The oversight responsibility of the board and its committees is enabled by management reporting processes that are designed to provide visibility to the board about the identification, assessment, and management of critical risks and management’s risk mitigation strategies. These areas of focus include competitive, economic, operational, financial (accounting, credit, liquidity, and tax), legal, regulatory, compliance, health, safety, environmental, political, and reputational risks. Our board regularly reviews information regarding our strategy, operations, credit, and liquidity, as well as the risks associated with each. Our compensation committee is responsible for overseeing risks relating to our executive compensation plans and arrangements. Our audit committee is responsible for overseeing financial risks and risks associated with related party transactions. Our nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for overseeing risks associated with governance and the independence of the board. While each committee is responsible for evaluating certain risks and overseeing the management of such risks, our entire board is regularly informed through committee reports about such risks.

Board Committees

Our board has established three formal standing committees: audit, compensation, and nominating and corporate governance. Each of our audit, compensation, and nominating and corporate governance

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committees operates under a charter that has been approved by our board. Our board has also adopted corporate governance guidelines to assist our board in the exercise of its duties and responsibilities. Current copies of the charters for the audit, compensation, and nominating and corporate governance committees and the corporate governance guidelines are posted on our website, ir.iderapharma.com/corporate-governance/highlights.

Audit Committee

Our audit committee’s purpose is to assist the board’s oversight of our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. Our audit committee’s responsibilities include:

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appointing, approving the compensation of, and assessing the independence of our independent registered public accounting firm;

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overseeing the work of our independent registered public accounting firm, including through the receipt and consideration of certain reports from such accounting firm;

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reviewing and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm our annual and quarterly financial statements and related disclosures;

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monitoring our internal control over financial reporting, disclosure controls and procedures, and code of business conduct and ethics;

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discussing with management and our independent auditor about significant risks or exposures;

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establishing procedures for the receipt and retention of accounting related complaints and concerns;

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reviewing and approving related party transactions;

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meeting independently with our independent registered public accounting firm and management; and

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preparing the audit committee report required by SEC rules.

The current members of our audit committee are Ms. Schafer (Chair), Mr. Dougherty, and Dr. Goldberg. Our board has determined that Ms. Schafer is an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of SEC rules and regulations. Each member of the audit committee is independent as defined under applicable rules of the Nasdaq, including the independence requirements contemplated by Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. During 2021, our audit committee held four meetings.

Audit Committee Commitments

Our board pays careful attention to the committee commitments of our directors. We understand that proxy advisory firms set guidelines as to the number of public company audit committees on which a director should simultaneously serve. However, we also recognize the importance of evaluating a director’s audit committee commitments on an individual, case-by-case basis to ensure (1) that such director has sufficient time to meaningfully serve on our audit committee and (2) that our audit committee is composed of independent, qualified directors with the requisite financial acumen.

Currently, our director Carol Schafer sits on four public company audit committees (including our audit committee). The board believes that Ms. Schafer’s experience, expertise, independence, and institutional knowledge, especially with respect to the Company’s auditing processes and its financial history, planning, and strategy, make her a valuable member of our audit committee. Furthermore, the board believes that Ms. Schafer has demonstrated her commitment and dedication to serving on our audit committee, as she has proven to be a highly-engaged committee chair, attending 100% of all audit committee meetings in 2021, and 100% of all audit committee meetings since being appointed to the committee in 2018. Accordingly, the board believes that Ms. Schafer’s service on three other public companies’ audit committee does not, and will not, negatively impact her service on our audit committee.

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Compensation Committee

Our compensation committee’s purpose is to oversee the discharge of the responsibilities of the board relating to compensation of the Company’s executive officers, employees, and board members. Our compensation committee’s responsibilities include:

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approving the Company’s long-term strategy of compensation, including the consideration of base compensation, short-term incentive, and long-term incentive targets,

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reviewing and approving the compensation of the Company’s chief executive officer and the other executive officers;

•

overseeing and administering our cash and equity incentive plans;

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reviewing and making recommendations to the board with respect to director compensation;

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overseeing the evaluation of the Company’s senior executives;

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reviewing and discussing annually with management the compensation discussion and analysis required by the SEC rules and included in this proxy statement; and

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preparing the compensation committee report required by SEC rules.

The current members of our compensation committee are Dr. Gowen (Chair), Dr. Csimma, and Mr. Dougherty. During 2021, the compensation committee held five meetings. The compensation committee may delegate to one or more executive officers of the Company the power to grant operations or stock awards to employees of the Company or its subsidiaries who are not directors or executive officers of the Company. The compensation committee may also form and delegate authority to one or more subcommittees as it deems appropriate.

The processes and procedures followed by our compensation committee in considering and determining executive compensation are described below under the heading “Executive Compensation.”

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

Our nominating and corporate governance committee’s purpose is to identify and recommend to the board persons to be nominated for election as directors, develop and recommend corporate governance principals, and oversee the evaluation of the board. Our nominating and corporate governance committee’s responsibilities include:

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reviewing with the board the requisite skills and criteria for new board members, as well as the composition of the board as a whole;

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adopting and periodically reviewing procedures regarding director candidates proposed by stockholders;

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recommending to the board to be appointed to each committee of the board;

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reviewing and assessing the adequacy of the corporate governance guidelines;

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determining the nature of the self-evaluation of the board, supervising the conduct of the evaluation, and preparing the assessment of the board’s performance; and

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overseeing the Company’s succession planning, which includes transitional leadership in the event of an unplanned vacancy.

The current members of our nominating and corporate governance committee are Messrs. Geraghty (Chair) and Dougherty, and Ms. Schafer. During 2021, the nominating and corporate governance committee held three meetings.

The processes and procedures followed by our nominating and corporate governance committee in identifying and evaluating director candidates are described below under the heading “Director Nomination Process.”

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Director Independence

Our securities are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market and we use the standards of “independence” prescribed by rules set forth by Nasdaq. Under Nasdaq rules, a majority of a listed company’s board of directors must be comprised of independent directors. In addition, Nasdaq rules require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit committee and compensation committee be independent and satisfy additional independence criteria set forth in Rules 10A-3 and 10C-1, respectively, under the Exchange Act. Under the applicable Nasdaq rules, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of our board, that person does not have a relationship which would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. Our board determined in early 2021 that each of Dr. Csimma, Mr. Dougherty, Mr. Geraghty, Dr. Goldberg, Dr. Gowen, and Ms. Schafer and all of the members of each of the audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees are independent as defined under applicable rules of the Nasdaq, and, in the case of all members of the audit and compensation committees, the independence requirements contemplated by Rule 10A-3 and Rule 10C-1 under the Exchange Act. As Mr. Milano is our President and Chief Executive Officer, he is not independent.

Director Nomination Process

The process followed by our nominating and corporate governance committee to identify and evaluate director candidates includes requesting recommendations from members of our board and others, meeting to evaluate biographical information and background material relating to potential candidates and interviewing selected candidates by members of our nominating and corporate governance committee and our board. The nominating and corporate governance committee has from time to time used a third-party recruiting firm to identify and interview potential candidates.

In considering whether to recommend any particular candidate for inclusion in the board’s slate of recommended director nominees, the nominating and corporate governance committee will apply the criteria set forth in our corporate governance guidelines. All candidates, regardless of the source of the candidate’s recommendation, are evaluated using the same criteria. These criteria include assessing the candidate’s:

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business acumen;

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knowledge of our business and industry;

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age;

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experience;

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diligence;

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conflicts of interest;

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ability to act in the interests of all stockholders; and

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in the case of the renomination of existing directors, performance on our board and on any committee of which the director was a member.

Our corporate governance guidelines also provide that candidates should not be discriminated against on the basis of race, religion, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, disability, or any other basis proscribed by law and that our nominating and corporate governance committee should consider the value of diversity of the board when evaluating particular candidates. The nominating and corporate governance committee has not adopted any formal or informal diversity policy and treats diversity as one of the criteria to be considered by the committee. The nominating and corporate governance committee does not assign specific weights to particular criteria that the nominating and corporate governance committee reviews and no particular criterion is a prerequisite for the consideration of any prospective director nominee. We believe that the backgrounds and qualifications of our directors, considered as a group, should provide a composite and diverse mix of experience, knowledge, and abilities that will allow the board to fulfill its responsibilities.

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Stockholder Nominees

Stockholders may recommend individuals to the nominating and corporate governance committee for consideration as potential director candidates by submitting the individuals’ name, together with appropriate biographical information and background materials and a statement as to whether the stockholder or group of stockholders making the recommendation has beneficially owned more than 5% of our common stock for at least one year as of the date such recommendation is made, to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, c/o Secretary, Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 505 Eagleview Blvd., Suite 212, Exton, PA 19341. Assuming that appropriate biographical and background material has been provided on a timely basis, the nominating and corporate governance committee will evaluate stockholder-recommended candidates by following substantially the same process, and applying substantially the same criteria, as it follows for candidates provided by other sources. If the board determines to nominate a stockholder-recommended candidate and recommends his or her election, then his or her name will be included in our proxy card for the next annual meeting.

Stockholders also have the right under our bylaws to nominate director candidates directly, without any action or recommendation on the part of the nominating and corporate governance committee or the board, by following the procedures set forth in our bylaws, including advance notice requirements. Candidates nominated by stockholders in accordance with the procedures set forth in our bylaws will not be included in our proxy card for the next annual meeting. See “Information about the Annual Meeting—How and when may I submit a proposal for the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders?” for more information about these procedures and the deadline for submitting director nominations.

Board Diversity

As shown in the table below, three of our seven directors self-identify as diverse.

Board Diversity Matrix (as of February 4, 2022)
Total number of Directors	7
	Female		Male		Non-Binary		Did not Disclose Gender
Part I: Gender Identity
Directors		3		4		0		0
Part II: Demographic Background
African American or Blank		0		0		0		0
Alaskan Native or Native American		0		0		0		0
Asian		0		0		0		0
Hispanic or Latinx		0		0		0		0
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander		0		0		0		0
White		3		4		0		0
Two or More Races or Ethnicities		0		0		0		0
LGBTQ+	0
Did Not Disclose Demographic Background	0

Communicating with our Board of Directors

Stockholders and other interested parties may communicate directly with the board (and with independent directors, individually or as a group). Our board will give appropriate attention to written communications that are submitted by stockholders and other interested parties and will respond if and as appropriate. The chairperson of the board (if an independent director) or the lead independent director, if any, is primarily responsible for monitoring communications from stockholders and for providing copies or summaries to the other directors, as he or she deems appropriate.

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Communications are forwarded to all directors if they relate to important substantive matters and include suggestions or comments that the chairperson of the board or lead independent director, as the case may be, considers to be important for the directors to know. In general, communications relating to corporate governance and long-term corporate strategy are more likely to be forwarded than communications relating to ordinary business affairs, personal grievances and matters that involve repetitive or duplicative communications.

Stockholders and other interested parties who wish to send communications on any topic to the board should address such communications to Board of Directors, c/o Secretary, Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 505 Eagleview Blvd., Suite 212, Exton, PA 19341.

Each communication from a stakeholder should include the following information, to the extent applicable, and to provide an address to forward a response if deemed appropriate:

•

the name, mailing address, and telephone number of the stakeholder sending the communication;

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the number of shares, if any, held by the stakeholder; and

•

if the stakeholder is not a record owner of our securities, the name of the record owner of our securities beneficially owned by the stakeholder, if applicable.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. We have posted a current copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics in the “Investors—Corporate Governance” section of our website, which is located at ir.iderapharma.com/corporate-governance/highlights. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our code of business conduct and ethics by posting such information on our website at www.iderapharma.com.

Hedging Policy

Our insider trading policy prohibits our directors and employees (including our executive officers) from hedging or entering into other similar arrangements with respect to the Company’s securities, including, without limitation, short sales of Company securities, including short sales “against the box,” or purchases or sales of puts or calls or other derivative securities based on the Company’s securities.

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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Information about our Executive Officers

Our currently-serving executive officers and their respective ages and positions are described below. Our executive officers serve until they resign or the board terminates their position.

Name	Age	Position
Vincent J. Milano*	58	President and Chief Executive Officer
Daniel B. Soland	64	Senior Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
John J. Kirby	50	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Bryant D. Lim	51	Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

Mr. Milano is a member of our board. See “Information about our Directors” above for more information about Mr. Milano.

Daniel B. Soland joined the Company in January 2021 as our Senior Vice President, Chief Operating Officer. Prior to joining us, Mr. Soland most recently served as the Chief Executive Officer of uniQure N.V. from 2015 through 2016 and as the Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of ViroPharma Inc. from 2006 through 2014. Mr. Soland previously served as President of Chiron Corporation, or Chiron, from 2005 through 2006, and helped engineer a turnaround that contributed to the acquisition of Chiron by Novartis International AG. Prior to then, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Epigenesis Pharmaceuticals Inc. and as Vice President and Director, Worldwide Marketing Operations at GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. Earlier in his career, he held positions of increasing responsibility in sales and product management at Pasteur-Merieux’s Connaught Laboratories. Mr. Soland currently serves on the board of directors of KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: KALV), Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Nasdaq: ACAD), and DBV Pharmaceuticals S.A. (Nasdaq: DBVT), each a publicly traded company. Mr. Soland holds a B.S. in Pharmacy from the University of Iowa.

John J. Kirby joined the Company in 2015 as our Vice President of Corporate Accounting. He served as Vice President of Finance from 2018 to 2019 and has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since 2019 (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer since 2018). Prior to joining us, Mr. Kirby served as Assistant Controller at Endo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2014 to 2015. From 2012 to 2014, Mr. Kirby served as Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Corporate Controller at ViroPharma Incorporated, which was acquired by Shire Plc in 2014. Mr. Kirby began his career at KPMG, LLP in their Healthcare and Life Science Practice and served as a Regional Audit Director at AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals L.P. prior to joining ViroPharma Incorporated. Mr. Kirby received his B.S. in Accountancy from Villanova University and is a licensed certified public accountant in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Mr. Kirby also serves on the board of trustees of the Delaware Museum of Nature & Science (formerly the Delaware Museum of Natural History) since 2018.

Bryant D. Lim has been our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since 2018. Prior to joining us, Mr. Lim served as Vice President, Assistant General Counsel and, prior to that, Global Chief Compliance Officer at Incyte Corporation from 2014 to 2018. Prior to Incyte Corporation, Mr. Lim held roles of increasing responsibility at ViroPharma Incorporated from 2009 until its acquisition by Shire Plc in 2014. Mr. Lim served as Assistant Counsel at Merck & Co., Inc. and also was associated with Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP. Mr. Lim began his legal career as a law clerk for a federal judge. Mr. Lim received his J.D. from Villanova University School of Law, where he serves on its adjunct faculty teaching about the Law of Drugs and Biologics. Mr. Lim received his B.A. from the University of Rochester. Mr. Lim also serves on the board of directors of the state biotechnology industry association, Life Sciences of Pennsylvania since 2019.

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth, as of April 1, 2022 (except as otherwise indicated below), information we know about the beneficial ownership of our common stock by:

•

each person or entity, including any “group” as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, who is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock;

•

each of our current directors and director nominees;

•

each of our named executive officers, as set forth in the Summary Compensation Table set forth in this proxy; and

•

all of our current directors and executive officers as a group.

We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and the information in the table below is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. The SEC has defined “beneficial” ownership of a security to mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of voting power and/or investment power. In computing the percentage ownership of each person, shares of common stock subject to options, warrants, or rights held by that person that are currently exercisable, or exercisable within 60 days of April 15, 2022, are deemed to be outstanding and beneficially owned by that person. These shares, however, are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

To our knowledge and except as indicated in the notes to this table and pursuant to applicable community property laws, each stockholder named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares set forth opposite such stockholder’s name. The percentage of ownership is based on 52,924,870 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding on April 1, 2022. All fractional common share amounts have been rounded to the nearest whole number. To our knowledge, except as noted below, no person or entity is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the voting power of the Company’s stock.

Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned

Percentage of
Outstanding
Shares

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1)

5% Stockholders

Pillar Investment Entities

11,111,671(2)

19.99

c/o Stuarts Corporate Services Ltd.
Kensington House, 69 Dr. Roy’s Drive
Georgetown, Grand Cayman KY1-1104
Cayman Islands

Named Executive Officers and Directors

Vincent J. Milano

891,044(3)

1.68

John J. Kirby

328,479(4)

Bryant D. Lim

386,184(5)

Daniel Soland

278,843(6)

Elizabeth Tarka

13,237(7)

Cristina Csimma

46,000(8)

Michael R. Dougherty

237,875(9)

James A. Geraghty

245,229(10)

Mark Goldberg

105,985(11)

Maxine Gowen

49,500(12)

Carol A. Schafer

105,665(13)

All current directors and executive officers as a group (10 individuals)

2,674,804(14)

5.05

Denotes less than 1% beneficial owner.

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(1)

Except as otherwise noted, the address for each person listed above is c/o Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 505 Eagleview Boulevard, Suite 212, Exton, PA 19341.

(2)

On June 1, 2021, Pillar Pharmaceuticals 6, L.P. (“Pillar 6”), together with Pillar Invest Corporation (“Pillar GP”), Pillar Partners Foundation, L.P. (“Pillar Foundation,” and, together with Pillar 6 and Pillar GP, the “Pillar Entities”), Abude Umari and Youssef El Zein (together with the Pillar Entities and Mr. Umari, the “Reporting Persons”) filed Amendment No. 10 to a Schedule 13D with the SEC reporting the following beneficial ownership: (i) sole voting power with respect to zero shares; (ii) shared voting power with respect to 16,748,500 shares; (iii) sole dispositive power with respect to zero shares; and (iv) shared dispositive power with respect 16,748,500 shares. The percentage reported for the shares of common stock is capped at 19.99% as a result of blocker provisions that limit the number of warrants exercisable for shares of common stock that are held by certain of the Pillar Entities.

The Reporting Persons expressly disclaim status as a “group” for purposes of Amendment No. 10 to the Schedule 13D. The Pillar Entities exercise no voting or dispositive power over and expressly disclaim beneficial ownership of any shares held directly by Messrs. Umari and El Zein, and Messrs. Umari and El Zein expressly disclaim beneficial ownership of any shares of common stock held directly by Pillar 6, Pillar Foundation and indirectly by Pillar GP.

(3)

Includes 709,371 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(4)

Includes 290,847 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(5)

Includes 355,750 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(6)

Includes 200,000 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(7)

Dr. Tarka served as our Senior Vice President, Chief Medical Officer until May 28, 2021. As the Company no longer has any affiliation with Dr. Tarka and was unable to obtain beneficial ownership information for Dr. Tarka as of April 1, 2022, the number of shares beneficially owned represents Dr. Tarka’s beneficial ownership as of March 29, 2021.

(8)

Includes 46,000 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(9)

Includes 46,000 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(10)

Includes 125,686 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(11)

Includes 57,375 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(12)

Includes 48,625 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022, and 875 shares of common stock held in the name Brian Macdonald for Maxine Gowen Trust, for which Dr. Gowen is a beneficiary and trustee.

(13)

Includes 46,000 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

(14)

Includes 1,925,654 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options held by the directors and executive officers as a group that are exercisable within 60 days after April 1, 2022.

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

This Compensation Discussion and Analysis (“CD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the compensation tables and narratives that immediately follow this section.

Overview and Outlook

We are focused on the acquisition, development, and ultimate commercialization of drug candidates for rare disease indications characterized by small, well-defined patient populations with serious unmet needs. As such, we operate in an environment that is very competitive from both a business and talent perspective. We believe our competitive compensation program is key element of our employee value proposition that allows us to attract and retain the talent and leadership resources we need to drive our business success.

We are actively identifying and evaluating new development or commercial-stage assets for our portfolio through acquisition or in-licensing opportunities, as well as pursuing additional strategic alternatives.

Purpose

The purpose of this CD&A is to provide our stockholders with an overview and understanding of the philosophy, objectives, process, components, and decision-making of our 2021 executive compensation program. This analysis focuses on the compensation paid to our named executive officers (“NEOs”):

•

Vincent J. Milano, President and Chief Executive Officer

•

John J. Kirby, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

•

Bryant D. Lim, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

•

Daniel B. Soland, Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

•

Elizabeth Tarka, M.D., former Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer(1)

(1)

Dr. Tarka served as our Senior Vice President, Chief Medical Officer until May 28, 2021; thereafter, she provided consulting services to the Company until October 12, 2021.

Business Update

Our executive compensation program is designed to, among other goals, align executive compensation with the achievement of measurable corporate objectives. During 2021, the Company:

•

concluded the ILLUMINATE-301 trial in anti-PD 1 refractory melanoma through its primary endpoints;

•

reported top line data for the second cohort of ten patients in our phase 2 trial of tilsotolimod in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer (“MSS-CRC”);

•

entered into a collaboration with Scriptr Global, Inc. (“Scriptr”) for the development of gene therapy technologies in certain rare diseases; and

•

enhanced our financial position through financing activities.

Further detail regarding our 2021 goals and performance can be found in the section entitled “Annual Cash Incentive Award.”

Key Compensation Decisions and Actions

Taking into consideration our compensation philosophy and objectives, the needs and performance of our Company, individual performance, and other factors such as market data and industry best practices, our compensation committee took the following actions in 2021:

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•

Base Salary. The compensation committee reviewed the base salaries of our NEOs in January 2021. No adjustments were made to the base salaries of Messrs. Milano or Soland. With respect to Mr. Milano, the compensation committee determined that his base salary was market competitive in connection with its benchmark analysis. As Mr. Soland was hired in January 2021, he did not receive a salary increase in 2021. Messrs. Kirby and Lim and Dr. Tarka each received salary adjustments to maintain reasonable positioning relative to the 50th percentile of the base salary compensation of like positions among our peer companies. Further detail regarding the compensation committee’s base salary review and decision-making process is provided below in the section entitled “Base Salary.”

•

Annual Cash Incentive Award. In January 2021, the compensation committee approved corporate goals as part of our 2021 bonus program. The corporate goals consisted of three primary corporate objectives, each with its own weighting to reflect their importance relative to our business. To the extent goals are partially met or exceeded, the compensation committee may exercise discretion and ascribe a partial achievement or overachievement percentage to each goal, as applicable. In addition, the compensation committee may exercise discretion and ascribe an additional percentage for achievements that were not contemplated when goals were originally set. The compensation committee also reviews individual performance to determine whether the potential bonus should be increased or decreased.

In January 2022, the compensation committee reviewed our 2021 performance against our 2021 corporate objectives and agreed to attribute a corporate performance score of 50%. Further detail relating to this program, including information regarding our 2021 corporate goals and the weighting thereof, is provided below in the section entitled “Annual Cash Incentive Award.”

•

Long-Term Equity Incentive Awards. In January 2021, the compensation committee approved the grant of the first tranche of the biannual option awards to our NEOs, and in July 2021, the compensation committee approved the grant of the second tranche of biannual option awards to our NEOs. Further detail relating to our stock incentive program is provided in the section “Long-Term Equity Compensation.”

Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

Our general executive compensation philosophy has been established by our compensation committee, which acts pursuant to authority delegated to it by our board and as set forth in its charter. Our compensation committee is comprised solely of independent directors as defined by applicable rules and regulations of Nasdaq and the SEC. See “Board Committees—Compensation Committee” for further detail regarding the composition, independence, and responsibilities of our compensation committee.

Our executive compensation program is designed to achieve the following broad goals:

•

attract, retain, and motivate the best possible executive talent;

•

ensure executive compensation is aligned with our corporate strategies and business objectives, including our short-term operating goals and longer-term strategic objectives;

•

promote the achievement of key strategic and financial performance measures by linking short- and long-term cash and equity incentives to the achievement of measurable corporate and individual performance goals; and

•

align executives’ incentives with the creation of stockholder value.

To achieve these objectives, the compensation committee:

•

sets short- and long-term compensation at levels the compensation committee believes are competitive with those of other companies in our industry and our region that compete with us for executive talent;

•

conditions a substantial portion of each NEO’s overall cash compensation on the achievement of key strategic, financial, research, and operational goals, such as clinical trial and regulatory progress, intellectual property portfolio development, establishment and maintenance of key strategic

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relationships, and exploration of business development opportunities, as well as our financial and operational performance; and

•

provides a portion of our executive compensation in the form of equity awards that vest (i) over time from the date of grant of the awards and/or, when applicable, (ii) upon the achievement of performance milestones, which we believe helps retain our NEOs and align their interests with those of our stockholders by allowing them to participate in the longer-term success of our Company as reflected in stock price appreciation.

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation

We conducted an advisory vote on executive compensation, commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay” proposal, at our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. While this advisory vote was not binding, we value the opinions of our stockholders and, to the extent there is any significant vote against the compensation of our NEOs, we will consider our stockholders’ concerns and our board and compensation committee will evaluate whether any actions are necessary to address those concerns.

At our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, approximately 97% of the votes cast on the advisory vote on executive compensation approved the 2020 compensation paid to our NEOs as disclosed in the proxy statement for that meeting. The board and compensation committee considered the results of this advisory vote, together with the other factors and data, in determining executive compensation for 2021. Specifically, the compensation committee viewed the outcome of the say-on-pay vote as overwhelming approval of the Company’s executive compensation program and therefore did not make any significant changes to the structure or elements of the executive compensation program. The board and the compensation committee will continue to consider the outcome of our say-on-pay votes when making future compensation decisions for our NEOs.

Executive Compensation Process

Role of Our Compensation Committee and Our Chief Executive Officer

In order to accomplish its objectives consistent with its philosophy for executive compensation and determine compensation for our NEOs, our compensation committee reviews competitive information on executive compensation practices from peer companies as well as an assessment of overall corporate performance and individual performance. In connection therewith, our compensation committee typically takes the following actions annually:

•

reviews chief executive officer performance;

•

seeks input from our chief executive officer on the performance of the other NEOs;

•

reviews all components of our executive compensation program, including base salary, cash bonus targets and awards, equity compensation, and the estimated payout obligations under severance and change in control scenarios;

•

considers historic compensation and amounts realizable from prior awards;

•

consults with its independent compensation consultant;

•

holds executive sessions (without our management present);

•

reviews information regarding the executive compensation of its peer companies;

•

considers the say-on-pay vote from the prior year; and

•

reviews the outcomes from the foregoing with the board.

Our chief executive officer does not submit an assessment of his own performance and does not participate in the compensation committee’s deliberations or the determination of his own compensation. Our compensation committee reviews and approves, or recommends for approval by the board, the compensation of our NEOs, including our chief executive officer.

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Under our annual performance review program, annual performance goals are determined for our Company as a whole and for each individual NEO.

•

Annual corporate goals are proposed by management and approved by the board. These corporate goals target the achievement of specific research, clinical, operational, and financial milestones. The compensation committee determines the weighting of and how the components of our annual corporate goals will contribute to the overall performance evaluation.

•

Annual individual goals focus on contributions that facilitate the achievement of our corporate goals. Individual goals are proposed at the start of each year by each NEO and approved by the chief executive officer (except with respect to himself) and, in the case of the chief executive officer and as appropriate for the other NEOs, the compensation committee. Typically, the compensation committee sets the chief executive officer’s goals and reviews and discusses with the chief executive officer the goals for the other NEOs. The individual performance goals of each NEO consist primarily of the key objectives and goals from our annual business plan that relate to the functional area for which such NEO is responsible. As the chief executive officer oversees all aspects of our business, the individual performance goals for the chief executive officer are largely coextensive with the corporate goals.

At the end of each year, the compensation committee evaluates corporate and individual NEO performance.

In assessing corporate performance, the compensation committee evaluates corporate performance relative to the approved corporate goals for the applicable year, as well as other aspects of corporate performance, including progress and achievement of milestones outside of the corporate goals.

The compensation committee evaluates individual performance with respect to the areas that fall within each NEO’s responsibility. In doing so, the compensation committee relies on the chief executive officer’s evaluation of the other NEOs. The chief executive officer prepares evaluations of the other NEOs, which includes comparing such individual’s performance to his or her individual performance goals. The chief executive officer recommends annual executive salary increases, annual stock option awards, and bonuses, if any, for the other NEOs; the compensation committee then reviews and approves, as appropriate, the chief executive officer’s recommendations. In the case of the chief executive officer, the compensation committee independently conducts his individual performance evaluation and determines his compensation accordingly.

During this process, the compensation committee consults with its independent compensation consultant. In connection with the compensation committee’s annual performance and compensation review in the fourth quarter of each year, the independent compensation consultant provides the compensation committee with a blend of the data from the peer group (identified below for 2021 compensation decisions) and relevant compensation survey data from the Radford Global Life Sciences Survey. We refer to this blended data as the “market compensation data.”

For all NEOs, annual base salary increases, if any, are awarded during the first quarter following the end of the fiscal year. Equity awards and bonuses, if any, are granted as determined by the compensation committee. Annual target bonuses and performance goals are typically established in the first quarter of the fiscal year, with payout for such bonuses in January of the following fiscal year upon the compensation committee’s determination of the achievement of the applicable performance goals. Equity awards are typically given in two biannual tranches, generally in the first and third quarters of the fiscal year. Special equity awards, if any, are granted on an ad hoc basis as determined by the compensation committee.

Role of the Compensation Committee’s Independent Consultant

In the third quarter of 2020, our compensation committee engaged Pearl Meyer & Partners, LLC (“Pearl Meyer”) in connection with our 2021 annual compensation assessment to review our executive compensation practices and to provide the compensation committee with an assessment of our compensation program against competitive market data. See “Use of Market Compensation Data” below for a discussion of the competitive market compensation data compiled by Pearl Meyer. Based on this assessment, Pearl

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Meyer made recommendations to our compensation committee regarding the amount and form of executive officer compensation, including the ratio of cash to equity compensation and “at risk” and variable compensation.

Pearl Meyer did not provide any additional services to our Company during 2021 other than pursuant to their respective engagement by the compensation committee, which was limited to the aforementioned assessment of our executive officer compensation program.

Our compensation committee analyzed whether the engagement of Pearl Meyer as our compensation consultant raised any conflict of interest, taking into consideration the following factors: (a) the provision of other services to us by Pearl Meyer; (b) the amount of fees received from us by Pearl Meyer, as a percentage of the total revenue of Pearl Meyer; (c) Pearl Meyer’s policies and procedures that are designed to prevent conflicts of interest; (d) any business or personal relationship with Pearl Meyer or the individual advisors employed by Pearl Meyer and a member of the compensation committee or any executive officer; and (e) any shares of our stock owned by Pearl Meyer or the individual advisors employed by Pearl Meyer. Our compensation committee determined, based on its analysis of the above factors, that the work of Pearl Meyer and the individual compensation advisors employed by Pearl Meyer as compensation consultants did not create any conflict of interest. Accordingly, the compensation committee determined that Pearl Meyer is independent. Going forward, the compensation committee intends to assess the independence of any of our compensation advisers by reference to the foregoing factors, consistent with applicable rules and regulations of Nasdaq and the SEC.

Benchmarking: Use of Market Compensation Data

In making compensation decisions, our compensation committee reviewed competitive market compensation data compiled by Pearl Meyer. As part of its engagement, Pearl Meyer worked with the compensation committee in the fourth quarter of 2020 to create a peer group of publicly traded companies to be used in connection with our 2021 compensation decisions, including stock options granted during 2021, fiscal year 2021 salary adjustments, and fiscal year 2021 target bonus percentages. In selecting this peer group, the compensation committee and Pearl Meyer generally targeted mid- to late-development stage companies in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors that generally met the following screening criteria:

•

Company Size: pre-commercial companies, small or micro-cap companies (under $1 billion in market capitalization), companies with a last twelve months’ (“LTM”) operating expense of less than $100 million, and companies with fewer than 100 employees;

•

Business Operations: companies with five or fewer Phase 2 or Phase 3 assets focused on cancer/oncology/immune-oncology, and with no or few other areas of research and development; and

•

Other: exclude subsidiaries, companies with business challenges, and companies that have recently conducted an initial public offering.

The following table lists the companies included in the peer group used in connection with our 2021 compensation decisions referred to above:

Aeglea BioTherapeutics, Inc.	Marker Therapeutics, Inc.*	Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Calithera Biosciences, Inc.	MEI Pharma, Inc.	Syros Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Diffusion Pharmaceuticals Inc.*	Miragen Therapeutics, Inc.	Tyme Technologies, Inc.
Galectin Therapeutics, Inc.	OncoSec Medical Incorporated*	ZIOPHARM Oncology, Inc.
GlycoMimetics, Inc.*	Selecta Biosciences, Inc.
Leap Therapeutics, Inc.	Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc

Newly added company to the peer group used in connection with our 2021 compensation decisions. Such addition(s) replaced the following peer companies used in connection with our 2020 compensation decisions: Molecular Templates, Inc., NewLink Genetics Corp., Sensen Bio, Inc., and Spring Bank Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

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The foregoing peer group companies were recommended by Pearl Meyer and approved by our compensation committee because they have similar business profiles with respect to number of employees, market value, and stage of development. Based on application of the screening criteria, certain companies were excluded from or added to the peer group used for the 2021 compensation decisions.

Our compensation committee intends that if we achieve our corporate goals and the NEO performs at the level expected, the NEO should have the opportunity to receive compensation that is competitive with industry norms. Accordingly, our compensation committee generally targets overall compensation for NEOs around the 50th percentile of the market data. However, the compensation committee does not apply those targets formulaically and allows for NEOs to be positioned at different percentiles based on each individual NEO’s experience, performance level, and duties and responsibilities.

Components of Executive Compensation

The primary elements of our executive compensation program are:

•

base salary;

•

annual cash bonuses;

•

long-term equity awards (i.e., stock option);

•

severance and change in control benefits; and

•

broad-based benefits and limited perquisites.

Base salaries are an important part of the NEOs’ total compensation package and are intended to reflect their respective positions, duties, and responsibilities. Base salary provides a baseline compensation level, serving as a stable, fixed component of compensation that delivers cash income to each NEO. Annual base salaries have historically been based on, among other factors, a NEO’s knowledge, experience, expertise, perceived abilities, and expected contributions. The factors considered are not assigned specific weights.

Our variable or “at-risk,” performance-based compensation consists of short-term compensation in the form of an annual cash bonus and long-term compensation in the form of equity awards that vest over time from the date of grant of the award or from the time of achievement of performance milestones. The annual cash bonus is intended to provide an incentive to our NEOs to achieve short-term operational objectives, while equity awards are intended to incentivize our NEOs to achieve longer-term strategic business goals, which should ultimately lead to higher stock prices and increased stockholder value. We do not have any formal or informal policy or target for allocating compensation between short- and long-term compensation, between cash and non-cash compensation, or among the different forms of non-cash compensation. Instead, the compensation committee, after reviewing industry information, including the compensation practices of our peer companies, and our cash resources, determines subjectively what it believes to be the appropriate level and mix of the various compensation components.

We do not have any defined benefit pension plans or non-qualified deferred compensation plans. We maintain broad-based benefits, including health, dental, and vision insurance, life and disability insurance, and a 401(k) plan, that are provided to all employees. Our NEOs may also participate in our employee stock purchase plan, which is generally available to all employees who work over 20 hours per week, so long as they own less than 5% of our common stock, including for this purpose vested and unvested stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs). We provide limited perquisites consisting of certain relocation benefits.

We are party to employment agreements and employment offer letters with each of our NEOs. Employment agreements and employment offer letters with our NEOs are described below under the caption “Employment Agreements with Our NEOs.”

Base Salary

In establishing base salaries for our NEOs, our compensation committee typically:

•

reviews the market compensation data provided by the compensation consultant;

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•

considers historic salary levels of the NEO and the nature of the NEO’s responsibilities;

•

compares each NEO’s base salary with the salaries of our other NEOs; and

•

considers the NEO’s experience, performance, and contributions.

The compensation committee also typically considers the challenges involved in hiring and retaining executive talent in our industry and region. In assessing the NEO’s performance, the compensation committee considers his or her role in achieving the annual corporate goals, as well as, in the case of our NEOs other than our chief executive officer, the performance evaluation prepared by our chief executive officer with respect to such NEO. The chief executive officer’s evaluation provides the compensation committee insight as to whether each individual NEO’s performance was generally consistent with our expectations.

As part of our 2020 annual performance and compensation review, the compensation committee approved annual base salaries for our executive officers for 2021. In setting these annual base salaries, the compensation committee reviewed the 2020 market compensation data presented by Pearl Meyer. The compensation committee approved the following base salaries:

NEO	2020 Base Salary			2021 Base Salary			% Increase
Mr. Milano		$	600,000		$	600,000		—
Mr. Kirby		$	336,000		$	365,000		8.6
Mr. Lim		$	336,000		$	365,000		8.6
Mr. Soland(1)			—		$	425,000		—
Dr. Tarka(2)		$	375,000		$	413,000		10.1

(1)

Mr. Soland joined Idera as Senior Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer in January 2021.

(2)

Dr. Tarka served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, until May 28, 2021; thereafter, she provided consulting services to the Company until October 12, 2021.

As discussed above, no adjustments were made to the base salaries of Messrs. Milano or Soland. With respect to Mr. Milano, the compensation committee determined that his base salary was market competitive in connection with its benchmark analysis. As Mr. Soland was hired in January 2021, he did not receive a salary increase in 2021. Messrs. Kirby and Lim and Dr. Tarka each received salary adjustments to maintain reasonable positioning relative to the 50th percentile of the compensation of like positions relative to our peer companies.

Annual Cash Incentive Award

The annual cash incentive award provides an opportunity for additional compensation to NEOs if pre-established annual performance goals are attained. The compensation committee generally links cash awards to the achievement of the annual corporate goals, including unexpected corporate performance outside of the corporate goals and individual performance. The amount of the bonus paid, if any, varies among the NEOs depending on individual performance, individual contribution to the achievement of our annual corporate goals, and corporate performance generally and the compensation committee may exercise discretion in its determinations. The annual cash incentive award targets are based on a target percentage of each NEO’s salary. In determining the target bonus percentages for each of our NEOs, the compensation committee concluded that the target bonus percentages should be competitive with the 50th percentile of the market compensation data and that the target bonus percentage for each NEO, with the exception of our chief executive officer, be the same. The target bonus percentage was established by the compensation committee for each NEO at the time of hire, with the exception of Mr. Kirby, whose target bonus was adjusted concurrent with his promotion to Chief Financial Officer in 2019. Each year, the compensation committee reviews the individual bonus target percentages against the market data to ensure its competitiveness.

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The following table sets forth the individual bonus target percentages for each of our NEOs for 2021.

NEO	2021 Target Cash Bonus (% of Base Salary)
Mr. Milano		50%
Mr. Kirby		40%
Mr. Lim		40%
Mr. Soland		40%
Dr. Tarka		40%

Consistent with our Company-wide annual incentive plan applicable to all employees, including our NEOs, both a corporate performance score and individual performance score factored into the determination of each NEO’s cash bonus award for 2021.

Under the terms of our incentive plan, the corporate performance score is based on the degree to which corporate performance objectives have been achieved. This score is determined by the compensation committee and may range from 0-125%. The individual performance score also may range from 0-125% and is based on:

•

the degree to which individual performance objectives have been achieved;

•

the competencies and behaviors, such as leadership, judgment, decision-making, management, and collaboration, demonstrated in achieving results;

•

the technical skills required by the position; and

•

the completion of the ongoing responsibilities required by the position.

The corporate performance score and the individual performance score is approved by the compensation committee. The individual’s actual award is then calculated as follows:

	Annual Base Salary ($)
	X
	Individual Target Bonus %
	X
	Corporate Performance Score (0-125%)
	X
	Individual Performance Score (0-125%)
	=
	Annual Incentive Award ($) (Individual Payout)

In setting corporate goals in the first quarter of 2021, the compensation committee agreed to group the business objectives into one of three primary categories, each of which would contribute toward the overall assessment of our corporate performance. In assessing our achievement of the 2021 corporate goals, and determining the corporate performance score, the compensation committee considered the extent to which the Company achieved the business objectives in each of the categories, and assigned a score for each category, as summarized in the following table:

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Primary Goals	Contribution toward Corporate Performance Score(1)	Weighted Achievement of Performance Goal(2)	Highlights of Performance on Key Objectives
Continue moving Tilsotolimod (IMO-2125) program toward registration	80%	25%	• Delivered ILLUMINATE-301 topline results, which failed to meet primary endpoint. • Completed cohort expansion in the first phase of MSS-CRC cohort for ILLUMINATE-206.
Continue business development initiatives through rare disease exploration	10%	10%	• Active due diligence on multiple strategic business development options.
Enhance ability to be successful through relevant foundational objectives	10%	10%	• On target with respect to financial budget. • Maintained strong corporate compliance.
Modifier(3)	n/a	5%	• Entered collaboration with Scriptr Global for discovery of gene therapy techniques. • Improved cash position.
TOTAL	100%	50%

(1)

Percentages shown in this column represent the weight allocated to each performance goal.

(2)

Amounts represent the weighted achievement of each performance goal.

(3)

The modifier may be applied based on compensation committee discretion to reflect additional outcomes not contemplated when goals were set.

Based on these achievements and resulting category scores, in January 2022, the compensation committee approved a corporate performance score of 50%.

In assessing each NEO’s individual performance score, the compensation committee determined:

•

Mr. Milano’s overall score was equivalent to the corporate performance score of 50%; however, Mr. Milano voluntarily declined to accept his bonus in light of the Company’s business circumstances.

•

In recognition of his achievement against his personal objectives, including his role in contributing to improvement in our cash position through execution of financing vehicles and to business development activities as well as his overall leadership contributions, Mr. Kirby’s individual performance score was 100%. Using the broader corporate score of 50%, as noted above, this resulted in an overall bonus equal to 50% of his bonus target.

•

Recognizing his achievement against his personal objectives, including legal support to the ILLUMINATE program, the Scriptr collaboration, business development activities, and corporate governance-related matters, along with his overall leadership contributions, Mr. Lim’s individual performance score was 100%. Using the broader corporate score of 50% as noted above, this resulted in an overall bonus equal to 50% of his bonus target.

•

Recognizing his achievement against his personal objectives, including commercial activities related to tilsotolimod and commercial input to business development activities, along with his overall leadership contributions, Mr. Soland’s individual performance score was 100%. Using the broader corporate score of 50% as noted above, this resulted in an overall bonus equal to 50% of his bonus target. However, Mr. Soland voluntarily declined to accept his bonus in light of the Company’s business circumstances.

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•

Dr. Tarka’s employment was terminated before an individual performance score was awarded for the year. Accordingly, Dr. Tarka did not receive an annual cash incentive award for 2021.

The following table sets forth the target bonus amounts, the corporate and individual performance scores, the overall scores, and the resulting bonus amounts for each NEO.

NEO	Target Bonus			Overall Score	Bonus Earned			Bonus Payout(1)
Mr. Milano		$	300,000	50%		$	150,000		$	0
Mr. Kirby		$	146,000	50%		$	73,000		$	73,000
Mr. Lim		$	146,000	50%		$	73,000		$	73,000
Mr. Soland		$	170,000	50%		$	85,000		$	0
Dr. Tarka(2)		$	165,200	—			—			—

(1)

As discussed above, Messrs. Milano and Soland voluntarily declined to accept their respective bonuses. Accordingly, neither Mr. Milano nor Mr. Soland received an annual cash incentive award for 2021.

(2)

As Dr. Tarka’s employment terminated on May 28, 2021, she did not receive an annual cash incentive award for 2021.

Long-Term Equity Compensation

Our equity award program is the primary vehicle for offering long-term incentives to our NEOs. We believe that equity awards provide our NEOs with a strong link to our long-term performance, create an ownership culture, and help to align the interests of our NEOs with those of our stockholders. Equity grants are intended as both a reward for contributing to our long-term success and an incentive for future performance. Additionally, the vesting feature of our equity awards is intended to further our goal of retention by providing an incentive to our NEOs to remain in our employ during the vesting period. In determining the size of equity awards to our NEOs, our compensation committee considers:

•

the achievement of our annual corporate goals;

•

individual performance;

•

the previous awards granted to each executive officer, including the exercise price of such previous awards;

•

the recommendations of management;

•

the market compensation data presented by the compensation committee’s independent compensation consultant; and

•

the combined components of the NEO’s compensation.

The compensation committee approves all equity awards to our NEOs. Our equity awards have historically been in the form of stock options. However, under the terms of our 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2013 Plan”), we may grant equity restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, and RSUs.

The compensation committee typically makes initial stock option awards to our NEOs upon commencement of their employment. Thereafter, the compensation committee grants annual stock option awards, and as it deems appropriate, may occasionally grant retention or recognition awards, usually in the form of RSUs. Annual stock option awards for all employees, including our NEOs, are granted in two biannual tranches in order to increase the recognition and retention related aspect of the awards. Determination of the total annual award amount typically occurs at the regularly scheduled meeting of the compensation committee held in the first quarter of each fiscal year. The second biannual grant is approved by the compensation committee before distributed. In general, 25% of the stock option grant vests on the first anniversary of the date of grant with the balance of the shares subject to the option vesting in 12-equal quarterly installments over the three-year period thereafter. The exercise price of stock options equals the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, which is typically equal to the closing price of

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our common stock on Nasdaq on the date of compensation committee approval, except in the case of new hire grants, which are approved in advance by the compensation committee and granted on the first day of employment.

In December 2020, as part of its annual executive compensation and performance review, the compensation committee reviewed the 2020 market compensation data regarding annual stock option grants. In January 2021, the compensation committee approved the grant of the first tranche of the biannual option awards to our NEOs and in July 2021, the compensation committee approved the grant of the second tranche of biannual option awards to our NEOs.

The following table sets forth the number of options granted to our NEOs in 2021:

NEO	January 2021 Grants		July 2021 Grants		Total
NEO	Stock Options (# options)		Stock Options (# options)		Stock Options (# options)
Mr. Milano		95,000		124,000		219,000
Mr. Kirby		51,000		66,500		117,500
Mr. Lim		51,000		66,500		117,500
Mr. Soland		200,000(1)		66,500		266,500
Dr. Tarka		51,000		—(2)		51,000

(1)

Mr. Soland did not receive an annual grant in January 2021. Such amount represents the initial grant that Mr. Soland received in connection with the commencement of his employment on January 04, 2021.

(2)

Dr. Tarka did not receive an annual grant in July 2021 because her employment terminated in May 2021.

Broad-Based Benefits. We maintain broad-based benefits, including health and dental insurance, life and disability insurance, and a 401(k) plan, that are provided to all employees. During 2021, we matched 100% of the employee contributions to our 401(k) plan up to a maximum of 5% of the participating employee’s annual salary, subject to annual IRS limitations. Our NEOs are eligible to participate in all our employee benefit plans, in each case, on the same basis as other employees and subject to any limitations in such plans. In 2021, each of our NEOs contributed to our 401(k) plan and their contributions were matched by us.

Retirement Policy Regarding the Treatment of Equity Awards. Our board has adopted a retirement policy to address the treatment of options and RSUs in the event of an employee’s retirement that applies to all employees, including all officers and NEOs. For purposes of this policy, an employee will be deemed to have retired if (i) the employee terminates his or her employment with us, (ii) has been an employee of ours for more than 10 years, and (iii) is older than 65 upon termination of employment. Under the policy, if an employee retires, then:

•

all outstanding, unvested equity awards held by the employee will automatically vest in full; and

•

the period during which the employee may exercise the options will be extended to the expiration of the term of the option under the applicable option agreement.

Our board adopted this policy for our employees in recognition of the importance of equity awards to the compensation of employees and in order to provide each of our employees with the opportunity to get the full benefit of the options and RSUs held by the employee in the event of his or her retirement after making 10 years of contributions to our Company.

ESPP. Our NEOs may also participate in our employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP”), which is generally available to all employees who work over 20 hours per week, so long as they own less than 5% of our common stock, including for this purpose vested and unvested stock options and unvested RSUs. None of our NEOs participated in the ESPP in 2021.

Perquisites. Apart from the discussed benefits, we do not provide our NEOs with perquisites.

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Severance and Change in Control Benefits and Agreements with NEOs

We believe providing severance and/or change in control benefits as a component of our compensation structure can help us compete for executive talent and attract and retain highly talented executive officers whose contributions are critical to our long-term success. In that regard, we periodically review our severance and/or change in control practices. We believe that our severance and change in control benefits are appropriate.

Severance and Change in Control Agreements

In 2017, the board approved a form of Severance and Change of Control Agreement (the “Form Severance/CIC Agreement”), which the Company subsequently entered into with each of our NEOs. The severance benefits terms contained in the Form Severance/CIC Agreements entered with each of our NEOs are controlling and superseded the severance and change of control terms provided for under any NEO’s pre-existing employment agreement or employment offer letter.

The Form Severance/CIC Agreement provides that if we consummate a change of control (as defined therein), we will employ the NEO for a period of 24 months from the date of the consummation of the change of control. Pursuant to the Form Severance/CIC Agreement, during such period:

(i)

the NEO’s position and duties for the Company will be commensurate with the most significant of the duties and positions held by the NEO during the 90-day period preceding the date of the change of control;

(ii)

the NEO’s annual base salary will equal at least 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid to the NEO during the 12 months prior to the date of the change of control;

(iii)

the NEO will be entitled to an annual bonus equal to at least the greatest of (a) the average bonus paid to the NEO in respect of the three years immediately preceding the year in which the change of control occurs, (b) the annual bonus paid for the year immediately preceding the year in which the change of control occurs, and (c) 100% of the target bonus for (1) the year immediately preceding the year in which the change of control occurs, (2) the year in which the change of control occurs, or (3) any year following the year in which the change of control occurs and prior to the then-current year, whichever is highest; and

(iv)

the NEO will be entitled to certain other benefits as are consistent with the benefits paid to the NEO during the year prior to the change of control.

The Form Severance/CIC Agreement also provides that if a NEO is terminated without “cause” or resigns for “good reason” (as such terms are defined therein) in either case, within 24 months following a change of control, subject to the NEO’s timely execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in a form provided by us and the NEO’s continued compliance with the invention, non-disclosure, and non-competition agreement previously entered into in connection with the commencement of NEO’s employment, the NEO would receive a lump sum cash payment payable within 30 days after the date of termination equal to:

(i)

the NEO’s target bonus for the year of termination prorated for the portion of the year worked;

(ii)

150% of the sum of (a) such NEO’s annual base salary for the year immediately preceding the year of termination and (b) the greatest of (1) the average bonus paid or earned and accrued, but unpaid to the NEO in respect of the three years immediately preceding the year of termination, (2) the annual bonus paid for the year immediately preceding the year of termination, and (3) the target bonus for the year of termination; and

(iii)

150% of the Company’s share of the annual premium for group medical and/or dental insurance coverage that was in place for the NEO immediately prior to the date of termination.

In addition, all unvested options, restricted stock, RSUs, or stock appreciation rights held by the NEO as of the date of termination will be immediately and automatically vested and/or exercisable in full as of the date of termination, and the NEO will have the right to exercise any such options or stock appreciation

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rights for the longer of (A) the period of time provided for in the applicable equity award agreement or plan, or (B) the shorter of one year after the date of termination or the remaining term of the applicable equity award.

If the NEO is terminated without “cause” or resigns for “good reason,” without regard to whether a change of control has occurred, such NEO will be entitled to the following under the Form Severance/CIC Agreement (collectively, the “Without Cause/For Good Reason Benefits”), subject to the NEO’s timely execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in a form provided by us and the NEO’s continued compliance with the invention, non-disclosure, and non-competition agreement previously entered into in connection with the commencement of NEO’s employment:

(i)

a lump sum cash payment payable within 30 days after the date of termination in an amount equal to the greater of (x) the average bonus paid or earned and accrued, but unpaid to the NEO in respect of the three years immediately preceding the year of termination, and (y) the annual bonus paid for the year immediately preceding the year of termination prorated for the portion of the year worked;

(ii)

continued payment of the NEO’s base salary payable in accordance with our standard payroll practices over the one-year period following termination; and

(iii)

if the NEO elects to continue receiving group medical and/or dental insurance under COBRA (to the extent the NEO previously participated in such group insurance plans immediately prior to the date of termination), payment by us of our share of the premium for such coverage that we pay for active and similarly-situated employees who receive the same type of coverage for the one-year period following termination.

Employment Agreements with Our NEOs

We have entered into employment agreements with each of our NEOs. All the NEOs are at-will employees.

Vincent J. Milano

We are a party to an Employment Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2014, with Mr. Milano, our President and Chief Executive Officer (the “Milano Employment Agreement”). Under the Milano Employment Agreement, Mr. Milano is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $600,000 or such higher amount as our compensation committee or our board may determine. In addition, pursuant to the Milano Employment Agreement, Mr. Milano is eligible to receive an annual bonus of 50% of his base salary, subject to adjustment, based on the achievement of both individual and Company performance objectives as developed and determined by our board.

Mr. Milano’s severance and change in control benefits are governed by the Form Severance/CIC Agreement.

John J. Kirby

We are a party to an Employment Offer Letter, dated October 15, 2015, with Mr. Kirby, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (the “Kirby Employment Agreement”). Under the terms of the Kirby Employment Agreement, Mr. Kirby is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $225,000 or such higher amount as our compensation committee or our board may determine. In addition, under the Kirby Employment Agreement, Mr. Kirby is eligible to receive an annual bonus of 30% of his base salary, subject to adjustment, based on the achievement of both individual and Company performance objectives. Concurrent with his promotion to Chief Financial Officer in 2019, Mr. Kirby’s base salary and bonus target were adjusted to $336,000 and 40%, respectively, or such higher amount as our compensation committee or our board may determine.

Mr. Kirby’s severance and change in control benefits are governed by the Form Severance/CIC Agreement.

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Bryant D. Lim

We are a party to an Employment Offer Letter, dated as of August 20, 2018, with Mr. Lim, our Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary (the “Lim Employment Agreement”). Under the terms of the Lim Employment Agreement, Mr. Lim is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $330,000 or such higher amount as our compensation committee or our board may determine. In addition, under the Lim Employment Agreement, Mr. Lim is eligible to receive an annual bonus of 40% of his base salary, subject to adjustment, based on the achievement of both individual and Company performance objectives.

Mr. Lim’s severance and change in control benefits are governed by the Form Severance/CIC Agreement.

Daniel B. Soland

We are a party to an Employment Offer Letter, dated as of November 16, 2020, with Mr. Soland, our Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (the “Soland Employment Agreement”), which was effective for Mr. Soland’s employment commencing January 4, 2021. Under the terms of the Soland Employment Agreement, Mr. Soland is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $425,000 or such higher amount as our compensation committee or our board may determine. In addition, under the Soland Employment Agreement, Mr. Soland is eligible to receive an annual bonus of 40% of his base salary, subject to adjustment, based on the achievement of both individual and Company performance objectives.

Mr. Soland’s severance and change in control benefits are governed by the Form Severance/CIC Agreement.

Elizabeth Tarka

Dr. Tarka served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer until May 28, 2021. The terms of her employment were set forth in an Employment Offer Letter, dated as of June 26, 2019 (the “Tarka Employment Agreement”). Under the terms of the Tarka Employment Agreement, Dr. Tarka was entitled to receive an annual base salary of $375,000 or such higher amount as our compensation committee or our board may determine. In addition, under the Tarka Employment Agreement, Dr. Tarka was eligible to receive an annual bonus of 40% of her base salary, subject to adjustment, based on the achievement of both individual and Company performance objectives.

Dr. Tarka’s severance and change in control benefits were governed by the Form of Severance/CIC Agreement; provided, however, in connection with her departure in May 2021, the Company entered into an Amendment to the Severance and Change of Control Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2021, with Dr. Tarka (the “Consulting Agreement”), pursuant to which Dr. Tarka agreed to provide certain consulting services to the Company. Dr. Tarka was entitled (1) to receive the Without Cause/For Good Reason Severance Benefits and, in exchange for the consulting services, (2) her unvested stock options and RSUs continued to vest during the Consultancy Term (as defined below). Further, under the Consulting Agreement, any options that were vested as of the end of the Consultancy Term were exercisable until the later of: (i) March 31, 2022 or (ii) ninety days from the end of the Consultancy Term. The Consulting Agreement terminated on October 12, 2021 (the “Consultancy Term”).

Indemnification Agreements

In March 2017, the board approved a form of Indemnification Agreement (the “Form Indemnification Agreement”) to be entered into between the Company and each of our officers. Each of Messrs. Milano, Kirby, Lim, and Soland and Dr. Tarka entered into the Form Indemnification Agreement with the Company. In general, the Indemnification Agreements provide that the Company will indemnify the NEO to the fullest extent permitted by law for claims arising in his or her capacity as an officer of the Company or in connection with his or her service at our request for another corporation or entity. The Indemnification Agreements also provide for procedures that will apply in the event that the NEO makes a claim for indemnification and establish certain presumptions that are favorable to the NEO.

Formal Clawback Policy

In April 2015, ahead of any such requirement in the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, our compensation committee adopted a formal clawback policy, which applies in the event

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we are required to prepare an accounting restatement due to any material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the U.S. federal securities laws. This policy requires us to use reasonable efforts to recover from any of our current or former executive officers who receive incentive-based compensation (including stock options and RSUs awarded as compensation) during the three-year period preceding the date on which we are required to prepare an accounting restatement based on erroneous data, the excess of what would have been paid to such executive officer under the accounting restatement.

Compensation Committee Report

The compensation committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with our management. Based on this review and discussion, the compensation committee recommended to our board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this proxy statement.

By the compensation committee of the board of directors,

Maxine Gowen, Chair
Cristina Csimma
Michael Dougherty

The report of the compensation committee is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, both as amended.

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Summary Compensation Table

The table below summarizes compensation paid to or earned by our NEOs for 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Summary Compensation Table

NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION	YEAR		SALARY ($)		STOCK AWARDS ($)(1)		OPTION AWARDS ($)(2)		NON-EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN COMPENSATION ($)		ALL OTHER COMPENSATION ($)(3)		TOTAL ($)
Vincent J. Milano President and Chief Executive Officer		2021		600,000		—		340,189		150,000(4)		44,244		1,134,433
		2020		24,786		764,713(5)		234,642		285,000		37,929		1,347,070
		2019		600,000		105,975		279,160		315,000		37,082		1,337,217
John J. Kirby Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer		2021		365,000		—		182,575		73,000		39,408		659,983
		2020		336,000		123,755		127,523		140,448		37,519		765,245
		2019		308,000		32,185		113,955		114,660		36,849		605,649
Bryant D. Lim Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary		2021		365,000		—		182,575		73,000		42,965		663,540
		2020		336,000		39,679		127,523		140,448		37,779		681,429
		2019		336,000		56,834		150,317		155,232		33,412		731,795
Daniel B. Soland Senior Vice President, Chief Commercial Officer		2021		423,390		—		534,621		85,000(4)		44,437		1,087,448
Elizabeth Tarka Senior Vice President, Chief Medical Officer		2021		172,594		—		131,407		—		489,502		793,503
		2020		375,000		35,800		127,523		142,500		17,082		697,905

(1)

Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs as computed in accordance with ASC 718. See Note 11 to the financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 regarding assumptions we made in determining these values. The grant date fair value of RSUs is determined using the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. The equity incentive awards included in this column were all awarded under the Company’s 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.

(2)

Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of options granted to each of the NEOs as computed in accordance with ASC 718. These amounts do not represent the actual amounts paid to or realized by the NEOs. See Note 11 to the financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 regarding assumptions we made in determining the fair value of option awards. The equity incentive awards included in this column were all awarded under the Company’s 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.

(3)

“All Other Compensation” for 2021 for each of the NEOs includes the following:

	Premiums Paid by us for all Insurance Plans ($)		Company Match on 401(K) ($)		Severance ($)		Total ($)
Mr. Milano		29,744		14,500		—		44,244
Mr. Kirby		24,908		14,500		—		39,408
Mr. Lim		28,465		14,500		—		42,965
Mr. Soland		29,937		14,500		—		44,437
Dr. Tarka		1,180		14,500		473,822		489,502

(4)

Messrs. Milano and Soland voluntarily declined to accept their respective earned 2021 bonuses. Accordingly, neither Mr. Milano nor Mr. Soland received an annual cash incentive award for 2021.

(5)

Approximately $575,218 of Mr. Milano’s base salary was paid in the form of a RSU award which was granted to Mr. Milano on December 18, 2020, as more fully described under the caption “Employment Agreements with our NEOs.”

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Grants of Plan-Based Awards

The following table sets forth information regarding grants of plan-based awards to our NEOs during 2021.

Grants of Plan-Based Awards for Fiscal Year 2021

Name	Grant Date		Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards				All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options (#)(1)		Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards ($/Sh)		Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards ($)(2)
Name	Grant Date		Target ($)		Maximum ($)				Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards ($/Sh)		Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards ($)(2)
Vincent J. Milano		N/A		300,000		468,750		—		—		—
		1/8/2021(3)(4)						95,000		4.28		244,788
		7/8/2021(3)(4)						124,000		1.11		95,411
John J. Kirby		N/A		146,000		228,125		—		—		—
		1/8/2021(3)(4)						51,000		4.28		131,407
		7/8/2021(3)(4)						66,500		1.11		51,168
Bryant D. Lim		N/A		146,000		228,125		—		—		—
		1/8/2021(3)(4)						51,000		4.28		131,407
		7/8/2021(3)(4)						66,500		1.11		51,168
Daniel B. Soland		N/A		170,000		265,625		—		—		—
		1/4/2021(3)(5)						200,000		4.02		483,453
		7/8/2021(3)(4)						66,500		1.11		51,168
Elizabeth Tarka		N/A		165,200		258,125		—		—		—
		1/8/2021(3)(4)						51,000		4.28		131,407

(1)

The term of these options is ten years. The vesting of these stock options is time-based. See “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Executive Compensation—Long-Term Equity Compensation” for a full description of the vesting terms for these options. See “Employment Agreements with our NEOs” for further information about acceleration of vesting of options in the event of the termination of employment and/or a change of control.

(2)

Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of awards made to the NEOs in 2021 as computed in accordance with ASC 718. These amounts do not represent the actual amounts paid to or realized by the NEOs during 2021. See Note 11 to the financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 regarding assumptions we made in determining the fair value of equity awards.

(3)

Granted pursuant to our 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.

(4)

Represents the biannual option awards, 25% of which vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant with the balance of the shares subject to the option vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments over the three-year period thereafter.

(5)

Represents Mr. Soland’s initial grant in connection with the commencement of his employment. The stock option vests and becomes exercisable over a four-year period commencing on the date of grant, with 25% of the stock option vesting and becoming exercisable on the first anniversary of the date of grant and the balance vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments over the three-year period thereafter.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table sets forth information regarding the outstanding equity held by our NEOs as of December 31, 2021.

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Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

	Option Awards								Stock Awards
Name	Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisable (#)		Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Unexercisable (#)		Option Exercise Price ($)		Option Expiration Date		Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#)		Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(1)		Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights that have Not Vested (#)(20)		Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights Not Vested ($)
Vincent J. Milano		250,000		—		24.96		12/1/2024
		37,499		—		23.04		1/6/2026
		37,500		—		12.72		1/4/2027
		70,311		4,688(2)		17.92		1/3/2028
		52,812		12,188(3)		7.39		8/13/2028
		58,093		26,407(4)		3.14		1/3/2029
		47,531		36,969(5)		2.52		7/9/2029
		40,250		51,750(6)		1.79		1/10/2030
		28,750		63,250(7)		2.48		7/21/2030
		—		95,000(8)				1/8/2031
		—		124,000(9)				7/8/2031
										44,625(19)		25,436
														100,000		57,000
John J. Kirby		18,750		—		24.88		11/2/2025
		11,249		—		23.04		1/6/2026
		12,499		—		12.72		1/4/2027
		15,819		1,055(2)		17.92		1/3/2028
		8,125		1,875(3)		7.39		8/13/2028
		25,600(10)		—(11)		3.14		1/3/2029
		45,500(10)		—(12)		2.52		7/9/2029
		50,000(10)		—(13)		1.79		1/10/2030
		50,000(10)		—(14)		2.48		7/21/2030
		51,000(10)		—(15)		4.28		1/8/2031
		—		66,500(9)		1.11		7/8/2031

														57,203		32,606
Bryant D. Lim		105,625		24,375(16)		9.29		9/10/2028
		45,500(10)		—(17)		3.14		1/3/2029
		45,500(10)		—(12)		2.52		7/9/2029
		50,000(10)		—(13)		1.79		1/10/2030
		50,000(10)		—(14)		2.48		7/21/2030
		51,000(10)		—(15)		4.28		01/8/2031
		—		66,500(9)		1.11		07/8/2031

														2,523		1,438

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	Option Awards								Stock Awards
Name	Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisable (#)		Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Unexercisable (#)		Option Exercise Price ($)		Option Expiration Date		Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#)	Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(1)	Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights that have Not Vested (#)(20)	Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights Not Vested ($)
Daniel B. Soland		200,000(10)		—(18)		4.02		01/4/2031
Daniel B. Soland		—		66,500(9)		1.11		07/8/2031
Elizabeth Tarka		130,000(10)		—		2.54		07/22/2029
		50,000 (10)		—		1.79		01/10/2030
		50,000 (10)		—		2.48		07/21/2030
		51,000 (10)		—		4.28		01/8/2031

(1)

Market Value is calculated based on a price per share of $0.57, which was the closing price of our common stock on December 31, 2021.

(2)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the January 3, 2018 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until January 3, 2022), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(3)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the August 13, 2018 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until August 13, 2022), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(4)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the January 3, 2019 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until January 3, 2023), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(5)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the July 9, 2019 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until July 9, 2023), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(6)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the January 10, 2020 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until January 10, 2024), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(7)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the July 21, 2020 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until July 21, 2024), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(8)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the January 8, 2021 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until January 8, 2025), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(9)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the July 8, 2021 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until July 8, 2025), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(10)

In March 2021, the compensation committee approved the acceleration of the vesting terms of all outstanding, unvested options that had a value equal to less than $5.00 and RSUs (the “2021 Acceleration”). The 2021 Acceleration applied to all employees, including the NEOs, except Mr. Milano; however, in January 2022, for the NEOs, the compensation committee implemented a holding period (the ‘‘Holding Period’’) prohibiting the sale of shares associated with the 2021 Acceleration according to a schedule not more favorable than the original vesting schedule (i.e., 6.25% of the total option grant

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every quarter and 25% of the total RSU grant every year). No NEOs exercised any options that became exercisable as a result of the 2021 Acceleration or sold any shares that related to the RSUs that vested in connection with the 2021 Acceleration during the intervening period of March 2021 to January 2022.

(11)

8,000 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(12)

19,906 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(13)

28,2125 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(14)

34,875 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(15)

51,000 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(16)

Represents unvested portion of stock option award that will vest 25% on the first anniversary date following the September 10, 2018 grant date, with the remainder vesting in 12 equal quarterly installments thereafter (until September 10, 2022), provided the NEO is still employed with us on each vesting date.

(17)

14,219 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(18)

200,000 options are subject to the Holding Period.

(19)

Includes the unvested portion of RSUs granted to Mr. Milano on January 3, 2019 and January 10, 2020, which vest in four equal installments over the four-year period following the grant date.

(20)

Represents unvested, performance-based RSUs granted to Messrs. Milano, Kirby, and Lim, on July 21, 2020, which vest subject to and on the date the market capitalization of the Company equals or exceeds $500,000,000.

Option Exercised and Stock Vested

The following table sets forth information regarding our NEOs’ awards of restricted stock units that vested during 2021.

Option Exercised and Stock Vested

Name	Stock Awards
Name	Number of Shares Acquired on Vesting(1) (#)		Value Realized on Vesting(2) ($)
Vincent Milano		17,688		70,557
John Kirby		27,688(3)		61,597
Bryant Lim		33,575(4)		74,803
Elizabeth Tarka		20,000		44,350

(1)

Amounts in this column represent the number of RSUs that vested in accordance with the terms of the applicable award agreements and in connection with the 2021 Acceleration (except with respect to Mr. Milano, whose RSUs were not accelerated in connection with the 2021 Acceleration).

(2)

Stock awards value realized is determined by multiplying (i) the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date by (ii) the number of shares of common stock that vested on that date.

(3)

Includes 20,125 shares that vested pursuant to the 2021 Acceleration and are subject to the Holding Period.

(4)

Includes 24,050 shares that vested pursuant to the 2021 Acceleration and are subject to the Holding Period.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

As discussed above, we entered into the Form Severance/CIC Agreement with each of Messrs. Milano, Kirby, Lim, and Soland and Dr. Tarka. These agreements are described above under the caption “Severance and Change in Control Benefits and Agreements with NEOs.”

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Termination of Employment Not in Connection with or Following a Change in Control

The following table sets forth the estimated potential benefits that our NEOs would be entitled to receive upon their termination of employment with our Company (other than a termination in connection with or following a change in control of our Company) if the NEO’s employment was terminated on December 31, 2021 (except in the case of Dr. Tarka). This table represents estimates only and does not necessarily reflect the actual amounts that would be paid to our NEOs (except in the case of Dr. Tarka), which would only be known at the time that they become eligible for payment following their termination. With respect to Dr. Tarka, the below disclosure describes the actual amounts and benefits she received in connection with her termination on May 28, 2021.

Name	Cash Severance(1) ($)		Benefits(2) ($)		Total ($)
Vincent J. Milano		800,000		38,458		838,458
John J. Kirby		474,369		27,657		502,026
Bryant D. Lim		487,893		35,748		523,641
Daniel B. Soland		510,000		38,745		548,745
Elizabeth Tarka(3)		473,822		—		473,822

(1)

Cash severance under the Form Severance/CIC Agreements would be payable to Messrs. Milano, Kirby, Lim, and Soland upon a termination of the NEO’s employment by the NEO for “good reason” or by us without “cause,” in either case, subject to the NEO’s timely execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in a form provided by the Company and the NEO’s continued compliance with the invention, non-disclosure, and non-competition agreement previously entered into in connection with the commencement of NEO’s employment. In such an event, NEOs would receive:

(i)

a lump sum cash payment payable within 30 days after the date of termination equal to the greater of (1) the average bonus paid or earned and accrued, but unpaid to the NEO in respect of the three fiscal years immediately preceding the year of termination ($200,000 for Mr. Milano, $109,370 for Mr. Kirby, $122,894 for Mr. Lim, and $85,000 For Mr. Soland), and (2) the annual bonus earned for the year immediately preceding the year of termination; and

(ii)

salary continuation payments at the NEO’s base salary on termination date for a period of 12 months paid in accordance with the Company’s normal payroll practices and subject to applicable tax withholding ($600,000 for Mr. Milano, $365,000 for Mr. Kirby, $365,000 for Mr. Lim, and $425,000 for Mr. Soland).

(2)

Under the Form Severance/CIC Agreements, upon a qualifying termination by Messrs. Milano, Kirby, Lim, and Soland, to the extent the NEOs participated in our group medical/dental insurance immediately prior to the termination date, if NEOs elect to continue receiving group medical and/or dental insurance under the continuation coverage rules known as COBRA, the Company will pay the Company’s share of the premium for such coverage that it pays for active and similarly-situated employees who receive the same type of coverage until the end of the period for which the Company is paying the salary continuation payments described within note (1)(ii), above.

The payments described in this column include an estimated value of the employer share of the premiums for our insurance plans as follows:

Name	Medical Insurance Premiums ($)		Dental Insurance Premiums ($)		Total ($)
Vincent J. Milano		36,526		1,932		38,458
John J. Kirby		25,725		1,932		27,657
Bryant D. Lim		33,816		1,932		35,748
Daniel B. Soland		36,813		1,932		38,745
Elizabeth Tarka(a)		—		—		—

(a)

Dr. Tarka did not participate in our group medical/dental insurance plans.

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(3)

Dr. Tarka’s employment with the Company terminated effective May 28, 2021. Pursuant to the terms of her Severance and Change in Control Agreement, as amended by the Consulting Agreement, Dr. Tarka received a severance payment of $473,822 in connection with her termination of employment. Additionally, as discussed above under “Employment Agreements with Our NEOs,” and any options that were vested as of the end of the Consultancy Term were exercisable until the later of: (i) March 31, 2022 or (ii) ninety days from the end of the Consultancy Term, which ended on October 12, 2021. Dr. Tarka did not participate in our group medical/dental insurance plans prior to her termination and therefore, did not receive any benefits relating thereto following her termination.

Termination of Employment in Connection with or Following a Change in Control

The following table sets forth the estimated potential benefits that our NEOs would be entitled to receive upon their termination of employment with our Company in connection with or following a change in control of our Company if the NEO’s employment was terminated on December 31, 2021 (except in the case of Dr. Tarka). The amounts indicated below are estimates based on the material assumptions described in the notes to the table below, which may or may not actually occur. Some of these assumptions are based on information currently available and, as a result, the actual amounts, if any, that may become payable to a NEO (except in the case of Dr. Tarka) may differ in material respects from the amounts set forth below. Furthermore, for purposes of calculating such amounts, we have assumed:

•

a change of control date of December 31, 2021;

•